Poverty

Disabled beggars in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Type:

Document

Content Type:

Disabled beggars in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Language:

The International Labour Organization is the tripartite U.N. agency that promotes Decent Work through employment, social security, labour standards and social dialogue. Its work on skills development is guided by the conceptual framework on Skills to improve productivity, employment growth, and development agreed in 2008 by representatives of Governments, Employers’ Associations and Workers’ Associations. Research, policy advice, and pilot projects and technical cooperation programmes to apply good practices in different circumstances across its 185 member States aims to boost the employability of workers, the productivity and competitiveness of enterprises, and the inclusiveness of economic growth. The ILO Secretariat in offices in 40 countries works with Ministries of Labour, employers’ organizations, and trade unions to integrate skills development into national and sector development strategies in order to better meet current labour market needs and to prepare for the jobs of the future; to expand access to employment-related training so that youth, persons with disabilities and other vulnerable groups are better able to acquire skills and secure productive and decent work; and to improve the ability of public employment services to provide career guidance, maintain labour exchange services, and deliver active labour market programmes.For more information regarding the ILO’s work on skills and employability go to: http://www.ilo.org/skills/lang--en/index.htm; for ILO/Cinterfor's Knowledge Management Plarform, see: http://www.oitcinterfor.org

Thumbnail

Identifier

skpILO

Slug

ilo

Topics:

People with disabilities

Thumbnail

Of an estimated 1 billion people with disabilities in the world today, some 785 million are of working age. While many are successfully employed and fully integrated into society, most face a disproportionate level of poverty and unemployment. This is a massive loss both to them and their countries. A strategy of including people with disabilities in training and employment promotion policies, combined with targeted supports to ensure their participation, can help disabled persons obtain productive mainstream employment.

Identifier

skpPeoDis

Slug

people-with-disabilities

Knowledge Products:

Research papers

Working papers, reports, and other publications from international organizations, academic institutions and bilateral agencies. Research findings to stimulate informed debate on skills, employment and productivity issues.

Thumbnail

Identifier

skpRPS

Slug

research-papers

Publication Date:

13 Jun 2013

Open

wcmstest4_046236.pdf

This study brings together qualitative and quantitative data to better understand the lives of people with disabilities who beg in Ethiopia. It sets out to provide an initial understanding of the lives of disabled beggars with particular emphasis on determining social and economic factors, and sequences of events or patterns of behaviour that are common to people with disabilities who now work as beggars. Chapter 3 provides an overview of the demographic characteristics of the survey respondents, including their education and vocational training levels and work history. Additional attention was directed to identifying possible areas of intervention that might sever the links between disability and poverty. The study yielded an intriguing set of results that identify: the complex set of issues with which disabled beggars grapple; a series of points where targeted intervention by governments, UN agencies, NGOs and disabled people’s organizations could help break the on-going cycle of disability and poverty; and choices that lead some men and women with disabilities to beg. The study contains recommendations for policy, programming and areas for further research.

Subject Tags:

Economic and social rights

Slug

economic-and-social-rights

Identifier

264

Slug

poverty

Identifier

148

Regions:

Africa

Region Image

Countries and territories:

Ethiopia

Youth poverty in Accra: Managing urban livelihoods in informal apprenticeships

Type:

Document

Content Type:

Youth poverty in Accra: Managing urban livelihoods in informal apprenticeships

Language:

English

Slug

english

Identifier

skpEng

Sources:

Academic institutions

Research papers, synthesis reports, country and programme studies are collected from many academic institutions and national, regional and international professional associations.

Thumbnail

Identifier

skpAcaInst

Slug

academic-institutions

ILO

Thumbnail

Identifier

skpILO

Slug

ilo

Topics:

Knowledge Products:

Research papers

Thumbnail

Identifier

skpRPS

Slug

research-papers

Publication Date:

16 May 2013

Open

wcmstest4_046035.pdf

The paper complements the ILO series of reports on informal apprenticeship that informs country programmes and policies. The ILO’s work programme on upgrading informal apprenticeship aims at generating knowledge on core features of the system, enhancing its quality, addressing its weaknesses, and identifying mechanisms to sustain its function of retaining and improving skills levels in local, regional and national economies.

The study analyses young peoples’ motives for pursuing an apprenticeship and identification of the challenges they confront in transitioning to a decent job. Its holistic approach considers barriers to accessing apprenticeship positions, challenges to completing an apprenticeship, and difficulties in then gaining productive decent work, which in many cases is associated with opening a workshop of one’s own. The report includes the views of current apprentices and craftspeople, in addition to youths who dropped out of an apprenticeship and those that changed careers after completing an apprenticeship.

Subject Tags:

Apprenticeships

Slug

apprenticeships

Identifier

639

Economic recovery

Slug

economic-recovery

Identifier

667

Informal economy

Slug

informal-economy

Identifier

187

Poverty

Slug

poverty

Identifier

148

Vocational training

Slug

vocational-training

Identifier

124

Youth

Slug

youth

Identifier

319

Regions:

Africa

Region Image

Countries and territories:

Ghana

Demand versus returns? Pro-poor targeting of business grants and vocational skills training

Type:

Document

Content Type:

															Demand versus returns? Pro-poor targeting of business grants and vocational skills training
													

Language:

English

Slug

english

Identifier

skpEng

Sources:

International organizations

Information is gathered from other international organizations that promote skills development and the transition from education and training to work. The Interagency Group on Technical and Vocational Education and Training (IAG-TVET) was established in 2009 to share research findings, coordinate joint research endeavours, and improve collaboration among organizations working at the international and national levels.

Thumbnail

Identifier

skpIntOrg

Slug

international-organizations

Topics:

Monitoring and evaluation

Thumbnail

Measuring the outcomes of skills systems, policies and targeted programmes is essential in order to monitor and improve their effectiveness and relevance. Elements of sound assessment processes include: institutions to sustain feedback from employers and trainees; mechanisms to track labour market outcomes of training and systems of accountability that use this information; and, quantitative and qualitative labour market information and its dissemination to all stakeholders.

Identifier

skpPolPer

Slug

monitoring-and-evaluation

Rural employment

Thumbnail

Eight out of 10 of the world’s working poor who live on US $1.25 per day live in rural areas, where many are caught in vulnerable employment, especially in agriculture.Flourishing rural areas are vital to regional and national development. Yet, rural economies tend to face a wide range of challenges that urban areas are more likely to overcome. These include access to transportation, sanitation and health services, and a consumer base in close proximity to support small and medium enterprise development. Women and men working in rural areas also face difficulties associated with a paucity of economic opportunities, under investment, poor infrastructure and public services, including education, and, in many cases, weak governance and underdeveloped markets.

Education, entrepreneurship, and physical and social infrastructure all play an important role in developing rural regions. Skills are central to improving employability and livelihood opportunities, reducing poverty, enhancing productivity and promoting environmentally sustainable development.

Identifier

skpREmpl

Slug

rural-employment

Knowledge Products:

Research papers

Thumbnail

Identifier

skpRPS

Slug

research-papers

Publication Date:

09 May 2013

Open

wcmstest4_044838.pdf

Policy Research Working Paper 6389 Interventions aimed at increasing the income generating capacity of the poor, such as vocational training, micro-finance or business grants, are widespread in the developing world. How to target such interventions is an open question. Many programs are self-targeted, but if perceived returns differ from actual returns, those self-selecting to participate may not be those for whom the program is the most effective. The authors analyze an unusual experiment with very high take-up of business grants and vocational skills training, randomly assigned among nearly all households in selected poor rural communities in Nicaragua. On average, the interventions resulted in increased participation in non-agricultural employment and higher income from related activities. The paper investigates whether targeting could have resulted in higher returns by analyzing heterogeneity in impacts by stated baseline demand, prior participation in non-agricultural activities, and a wide range of complementary asset endowments.

Subject Tags:

Poverty

Slug

poverty

Identifier

148

Rural employment

Slug

rural-employment

Identifier

670

Rural workers

Slug

rural-workers

Identifier

637

Vocational training

Slug

vocational-training

Identifier

124

Regions:

Americas

Region Image

Countries and territories:

Nicaragua

Global Employment Trends for Youth 2013: A generation at risk

Type:

Document

Content Type:

Global Employment Trends for Youth 2013: A generation at risk

Language:

English

Slug

english

Identifier

skpEng

Sources:

ILO

Thumbnail

Identifier

skpILO

Slug

ilo

Topics:

Youth employability

Thumbnail

Globally, nearly 68 million young women and men are looking for and available for work, and an estimated 123 million young people are working but living in poverty. The number who are not in employment, education or training (NEET) stands at 267 million, a majority of whom are young women. Significantly, young people are three times as likely as adults (25 years and older) to be unemployed.

Skills development is a primary means of enabling young people to make a smooth transition to work. A comprehensive approach is required to integrate young women and men in the labour market, including relevant and quality skills training, labour market information, career guidance and employment services, recognition of prior learning, incorporating entrepreneurship with training and effective skills forecasting. Improved basic education and core work skills are particularly important to enable youth to engage in lifelong learning as well as transition to the labour market.

Identifier

skpYoEmp

Slug

youth-employability

Knowledge Products:

Research papers

Thumbnail

Identifier

skpRPS

Slug

research-papers

Statistical information

Data produced by the international organizations and countries on trends in skills provision, demand, and employment outcomes to help inform policy-making and monitoring processes.

Thumbnail

Identifier

skpStatInfo

Slug

statistical-information

Publication Date:

09 May 2013

Open

wcmstest4_044835.pdf

The study examines the continuing job crisis affecting young people in many parts of the world. It provides updated statistics on global and regional youth unemployment rates and explores, among others, the issue of skills mismatch on youth labour markets that has become a persistent and growing trend. It argues that overeducation and over-skilling coexist with undereducation and under-skilling, and increasingly with skills obsolescence brought about by long-term unemployment. The study presents ILO policy recommendations to curb the current trends.

Subject Tags:

Employability

Slug

employability

Identifier

643

Poverty

Slug

poverty

Identifier

148

School-to-work transition

Slug

school-to-work-transition

Identifier

652

Skills mismatch

Slug

skills-mismatch

Identifier

654

Youth unemployment

Slug

youth-unemployment

Identifier

622

Regions:

Global

Protecting the poor and promoting employability: An assessment of the social assistance system in the Slovak Republic

Type:

Document

Content Type:

															Protecting the poor and promoting employability: An assessment of the social assistance system in the Slovak Republic
													

Language:

English

Slug

english

Identifier

skpEng

Sources:

International organizations

Thumbnail

Identifier

skpIntOrg

Slug

international-organizations

Topics:

Monitoring and evaluation

Thumbnail

Identifier

skpPolPer

Slug

monitoring-and-evaluation

Knowledge Products:

Research papers

Thumbnail

Identifier

skpRPS

Slug

research-papers

Publication Date:

08 May 2013

Open

wcmstest4_044436.pdf

In 2011 the Slovak Republic initiated reform of the non-contributory social assistance system. A key concern of the government, as it launched broad ranging reforms, was whether social assistance cash transfers, and in particular the poverty targeted ‘Benefit in Material Need‘, created disincentives to work. To enhance the evidence base for the reforms, the government engaged the World Bank to evaluate the performance of non-contributory social assistance cash transfers, and in particular the Benefit in Material Need.

This paper summarizes the social safety net assessment conducted by the World Bank, including (a) spending on and coverage and adequacy of social benefits; (b) review of the main design parameters, draft legislation, and implementation arrangements for the Benefit in Material Need program; and (c) analysis of the incentive structure created by the tax and benefit system, and a profiling of the recipients of the Benefit in Material Need, to identify potential barriers to greater participation in the labor market. In order to better understand the broader causes behind persistent unemployment, the assessment profiles all of the unemployed and inactive population in the Slovak Republic, developing indicative groups that can be targeted using tailored programs to increase their employability. Recommendations provided in the report include addressing quality of education and skills for incoming labor cohorts and increasing institutional capacity of Public Employment Services.

Subject Tags:

Employability

Slug

employability

Identifier

643

Poverty

Slug

poverty

Identifier

148

Social protection

Slug

social-protection

Identifier

101

Regions:

Europe and Central Asia

Region Image

Countries and territories:

Slovakia

Notes d’orientation: Investir dans les jeunes pour accélérer le développement rural

Type:

Document

Content Type:

															Notes d’orientation: Investir dans les jeunes pour accélérer le développement rural
													

Language:

French

Slug

french

Identifier

skpFrn

Sources:

ILO

Thumbnail

Identifier

skpILO

Slug

ilo

Topics:

Access to training

Thumbnail

Access for all to good quality education, vocational training and workplace learning is a fundamental principle of social cohesion and economic growth. Some groups of people may require targeted attention if they are to benefit from education, training and employment opportunities.

This is particularly the case for disadvantaged youth, lower skilled workers, people with disabilities, and people in rural communities. The attractiveness of vocational education and training is enhanced when combined with entrepreneurship training and when public policies encourage utilization of higher skills by business.

Identifier

skpATSU

Slug

access-to-training

Rural employment

Thumbnail

Identifier

skpREmpl

Slug

rural-employment

Youth employability

Thumbnail

Identifier

skpYoEmp

Slug

youth-employability

Knowledge Products:

Policy and strategy

Recommendations and advice on resolving policy challenges related to skills development systems and their linkages to the world of work. Concise syntheses of experience from the international organizations.

Thumbnail

Identifier

skpPolOp

Slug

policy-and-strategy

Publication Date:

15 Apr 2013

Open

wcmstest4_040629.pdf

Les jeunes dans les zones rurales sont le futur de l’agriculture et des autres industries locales. Cependant, il leur manque souvent l’orientation et le soutien nécessaires pour contribuer pleinement au développement de leurs communautés, entretenant ainsi le cercle vicieux des problèmes de développement rural et de la pauvreté. Reconnaître leurs besoins et aspirations et y répondre est vital pour la croissance locale et nationale.

Subject Tags:

Agriculture

Slug

agriculture

Identifier

225

Poverty

Slug

poverty

Identifier

148

Rural development

Slug

rural-development

Identifier

152

Rural employment

Slug

rural-employment

Identifier

670

Regions:

Investment in technical vocational education and training (TVET) in the Philippines

Type:

Document

Content Type:

															Investment in technical vocational education and training (TVET) in the Philippines
													

Language:

English

Slug

english

Identifier

skpEng

Sources:

International organizations

Thumbnail

Identifier

skpIntOrg

Slug

international-organizations

Topics:

Financing of training

Thumbnail

Initial education and training and lifelong learning benefit individuals, employers and society as a whole. Economic principles dictate that the costs for services with public and private benefits should be shared between public and private funding, or else too little training will be provided or taken up. Effective mechanisms for financing skills development vary according to countries’ economic and political circumstances and the degree and level of social dialogue established.

Identifier

skpFinanT

Slug

financing-training

Knowledge Products:

Research papers

Thumbnail

Identifier

skpRPS

Slug

research-papers

Publication Date:

10 Apr 2013

Open

wcmstest4_038827.pdf

In an effort to better capture and analyze the overall level of expenditure in the technical vocational education and training sector in the Philippines, the Technical Education and Skills Development Authority in collaboration with the International Institute for Educational Planning conducted a survey among training providers. The objectives of the study were: to assess the level of public and private expenditure on TVET; to analyze the costs of TVET in absolute and relative terms; to compare the costs of TVET according to categories of providers, duration of courses, training areas and modes of delivery; to measure the funding of TVET and the contribution from public sector, companies, individuals and external development assistance; to provide a detailed review and analysis of TVET activities in the country, in both the public and private sectors; and to propose a methodology for classifying TVET activities and measuring training expenditures in the Philippines. The main purpose of the study was to generate new knowledge on cost and financing, in view of informing policy decisions and guiding further research.

Subject Tags:

Financing training

Slug

financing-training

Identifier

673

Poverty

Slug

poverty

Identifier

148

Survey

Slug

survey

Identifier

611

Vocational training

Slug

vocational-training

Identifier

124

Regions:

Asia and the Pacific

Region Image

Countries and territories:

Philippines

National Policy on Disability for Sri Lanka 2003

Type:

Document

Content Type:

National Policy on Disability for Sri Lanka 2003

Language:

English

Slug

english

Identifier

skpEng

Sources:

Governments

Governments hold a wealth of knowledge on skills development, and are increasingly realizing the value of learning from each others’ experiences. Their policy documents, programme evaluations, and research findings contain their experience and ideas on how to better link skills to employment

Thumbnail

Identifier

skpGov

Slug

governments

ILO

Thumbnail

Identifier

skpILO

Slug

ilo

Topics:

Access to training

Thumbnail

Identifier

skpATSU

Slug

access-to-training

People with disabilities

Thumbnail

Identifier

skpPeoDis

Slug

people-with-disabilities

Knowledge Products:

National policies and initiatives

National legislation, policies and initiatives on the issue of training and skills development and the world of work.

Thumbnail

Identifier

skpNatPol

Slug

national-policies-and-initiatives

Publication Date:

21 Mar 2013

Open

wcmstest4_034426.pdf

The policy aims to promote and protect the rights of people with disabilities and to provide them with opportunities for contributing their knowledge, experience and skills to national development of Sri Lanka.
The policy consists of two parts. Part One provides the rationale underlying policy formulation, containing its scope, underlying socio-economic considerations, barriers that exclude people with disabilities from the socio-economic mainstream, and the resources available for policy implementation. Among the aspects covered are access to training, education and employment for disabled persons (Part I, Section II.3).
Part Two lists the guiding principles which provide the policy framework and describes 26 policy areas which it addresses. Among the policy areas discussed are strategies for achieving equal opportunity in mainstream vocational training and skills development for persons with disabilities (Part II, Section VI.2). For each policy area, policy statements are made and strategies for their achievement are listed. The policy promotes community-based rehabilitation and engaging social partners in policy implementation.

Subject Tags:

Economic and social rights

Slug

economic-and-social-rights

Identifier

264

Inclusion

Slug

inclusion

Identifier

665

People with disabilities

Slug

people-with-disabilities

Identifier

323

Poverty

Slug

poverty

Identifier

148

Vocational training

Slug

vocational-training

Identifier

124

Regions:

Asia and the Pacific

Region Image

Countries and territories:

Sri Lanka

Skills, productivity and employment growth: The case of Latin America

Type:

Document

Content Type:

Skills, productivity and employment growth: The case of Latin America

Language:

English

Slug

english

Identifier

skpEng

Sources:

ILO

Thumbnail

Identifier

skpILO

Slug

ilo

Topics:

Training quality and relevance

Thumbnail

Identifier

skpTrainQR

Slug

training-quality-and-relevance

Knowledge Products:

Case studies and good practices

Case studies that document good practices and illustrate the benefits and lessons learnt of particular approaches or methods in real practice.

Thumbnail

Identifier

skpCaseStdy

Slug

case-studies-and-good-practices

Research papers

Thumbnail

Identifier

skpRPS

Slug

research-papers

Publication Date:

28 Feb 2013

Open

wcmstest4_148453.pdf

The aim of this study is to illustrate the relationship between training and workers' skills, productivity and the growth of quality employment in Latin America societies through the analysis of the existing information and the study of some national case studies. The main focus is on the evolution of later decades, particularly since the end of the 1980s up to the present.

Subject Tags:

Competency

Slug

competency

Identifier

641

Employability

Slug

employability

Identifier

643

Enterprises

Slug

enterprises

Identifier

175

Poverty

Slug

poverty

Identifier

148

Productivity

Slug

productivity

Identifier

188

Vocational training

Slug

vocational-training

Identifier

124

Regions:

Americas

Region Image

Countries and territories:

Argentina

Brazil

Chile

Peru

Sri Lanka: National Strategy on Technical and Vocational Education and Training Provision for Vulnerable People

Type:

Document

Content Type:

															Sri Lanka: National Strategy on Technical and Vocational Education and Training Provision for Vulnerable People
													

Language:

English

Slug

english

Identifier

skpEng

Sources:

Governments

Thumbnail

Identifier

skpGov

Slug

governments

ILO

Thumbnail

Identifier

skpILO

Slug

ilo

Topics:

Access to training

Thumbnail

Identifier

skpATSU

Slug

access-to-training

Migrant workers

Thumbnail

According to the ILO global estimates on migrant workers, there were around 164 million migrant workers in 2017.

Migrant workers contribute to growth and development in their countries of destination, while countries of origin greatly benefit from their remittances and the skills acquired during their migration experience. Yet, many migrant workers face challenges in accessing quality training and decent jobs including under-utilization of skills, a lack of employment or training opportunities, lack of information, and exploitation of low-skilled workers.

To address these challenges, countries need to strengthen skills anticipation systems to inform migration policies, increase access to education and training, and establish bilateral or multilateral recognition of qualifications and skills.

Identifier

skpMigWor

Slug

migrant-workers

People with disabilities

Thumbnail

Identifier

skpPeoDis

Slug

people-with-disabilities

Youth employability

Thumbnail

Identifier

skpYoEmp

Slug

youth-employability

Knowledge Products:

National policies and initiatives

National legislation, policies and initiatives on the issue of training and skills development and the world of work.

Thumbnail

Identifier

skpNatPol

Slug

national-policies-and-initiatives

Publication Date:

25 Feb 2013

Open

wcmstest4_029828.pdf

‘National Strategy on Technical and Vocational Education and Training Provision for Vulnerable People in Sri Lanka’ aims at providing broad access to vocational education and training for disadvantaged groups, namely: disadvantaged women, people with disabilities, disadvantaged youth, working poor, persons affected by conflict (including internally displaced persons and ex-combatants), and migrant workers. The Policy identifies the following seven Guiding Strategies for more inclusive vocational training system: ensure that training is relevant to the needs of employers; include livelihood and entrepreneurship training in vocational education; establish specialized training facilities; ensure support systems for vulnerable persons who wish to continue vocational education; recognize current skills through Recognition of Prior Learning; offer career guidance and counselling; and set appropriate admission criteria.

Subject Tags: