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Poverty alleviation

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poverty-alleviation
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149

Skills development and poverty reduction: A state of the art review

Skills development and poverty reduction: A state of the art review

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Skills development and poverty reduction: A state of the art review
Language:

English

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english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

Other sources

Experts from many international, regional and national agencies generously share their views, experiences and findings on skills, helping policy-makers among other stakeholders to understand the linkages between education, training and the world of work, and how to integrate skills into national development planning to promote employment and economic growth.

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skpOSource
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other-sources
Topics:

Training quality and relevance

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skpTrainQR
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training-quality-and-relevance
Knowledge Products:

Research papers

Working papers, reports, and other publications from international organizations, academic institutions and bilateral agencies. Research findings to stimulate informed debate on skills, employment and productivity issues. 

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skpRPS
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research-papers
Publication Date:
06 Jul 2015
The purpose of this State of The Art review is to assess what is currently assumed and believed about the relationship of skills development to poverty reduction, and to place that in historical perspective. There is also a particular attempt, where possible, to examine what is known about skills in rural areas.
Subject Tags:

Poverty

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poverty
Identifier
148

Poverty alleviation

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poverty-alleviation
Identifier
149

Skills and training policy

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skills-and-training-policy
Identifier
666
Regions:

Poverty reduction through tourism

Poverty reduction through tourism

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Poverty reduction through tourism
Language:

English

Slug
english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

ILO

The International Labour Organization is the tripartite U.N. agency that promotes Decent Work through employment, social security, labour standards and social dialogue. Its work on skills development is guided by the conceptual framework on Skills to improve productivity, employment growth, and development agreed in 2008 by representatives of Governments, Employers’ Associations and Workers’ Associations. Research, policy advice, and pilot projects and technical cooperation programmes to apply good practices in different circumstances across its 185 member States aims to boost the employability of workers, the productivity and competitiveness of enterprises, and the inclusiveness of economic growth. The ILO Secretariat in offices in 40 countries works with Ministries of Labour, employers’ organizations, and trade unions to integrate skills development into national and sector development strategies in order to better meet current labour market needs and to prepare for the jobs of the future; to expand access to employment-related training so that youth, persons with disabilities and other vulnerable groups are better able to acquire skills and secure productive and decent work; and to improve the ability of public employment services to provide career guidance, maintain labour exchange services, and deliver active labour market programmes.For more information regarding the ILO’s work on skills and employability go to: http://www.ilo.org/skills/lang--en/index.htm; for ILO/Cinterfor's Knowledge Management Plarform, see: http://www.oitcinterfor.org

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skpILO
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ilo
Topics:

Training quality and relevance

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skpTrainQR
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training-quality-and-relevance
Knowledge Products:

Promotional material

Presentations, discussion papers, meeting reports, promotional materials, videos, fact sheets, brochures and newsletters on skills development for employment.

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skpAIM
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promotional-material
Publication Date:
25 Jun 2015
Hotels, catering and tourism is a labour-intensive and employment-generating sector, especially for those with limited access to the labour market. It can be significant for women, youth, migrant workers and rural populations in developing and least developed countries. Besides, tourism is increasingly recognized as a major source of economic growth, particularly in poor countries. For this reason this brochure aims to:

? Assist tourism enterprises to establish effective training programmes and skills development for workers and employers, especially SMEs — which represent the biggest share of tourism enterprises in developing countries.

? Vocational education and training should include issues like HIV/AIDS, youth employment, and occupational safety and health in the tourism sector.
Subject Tags:

Hotel industry

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hotel-industry
Identifier
236

Poverty

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poverty
Identifier
148

Poverty alleviation

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poverty-alleviation
Identifier
149

Tourism

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tourism
Identifier
243

Vocational training

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vocational-training
Identifier
124
Regions:

Baseline data for the quality of TVET provision in Afghanistan

Baseline data for the quality of TVET provision in Afghanistan

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Baseline data for the quality of TVET provision in Afghanistan
Language:

English

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english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

Governments

Governments hold a wealth of knowledge on skills development, and are increasingly realizing the value of learning from each others’ experiences. Their policy documents, programme evaluations, and research findings contain their experience and ideas on how to better link skills to employment

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skpGov
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governments
Topics:

Training quality and relevance

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Identifier
skpTrainQR
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training-quality-and-relevance
Knowledge Products:

Research papers

Working papers, reports, and other publications from international organizations, academic institutions and bilateral agencies. Research findings to stimulate informed debate on skills, employment and productivity issues. 

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Identifier
skpRPS
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research-papers
Publication Date:
23 Jun 2015
At present, the training institutions provide very limited information to the policy makers with regard to the provision of the TVET system. Standard curricula do not exist, training of trainers facilities are not available and there is no registration or accreditation system. Certification is ‘in-house’ and there are no common standards from which trainees or employees can gauge level of study or achievement. This study represents the first attempt to register TVET providers across the sector, collect essential baseline information and to gauge their performance.
Subject Tags:

Data analysis

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data-analysis
Identifier
361

Data collecting

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data-collecting
Identifier
362

Development policy

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development-policy
Identifier
136

Poverty alleviation

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poverty-alleviation
Identifier
149

Skills and training policy

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skills-and-training-policy
Identifier
666

TVET systems

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tvet-systems
Identifier
661

Vocational training

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vocational-training
Identifier
124
Regions:
Countries and territories:

Indonesia: Literacy for life skills and entrepreneurship

Indonesia: Literacy for life skills and entrepreneurship

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Indonesia: Literacy for life skills and entrepreneurship
Language:

English

Slug
english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

International organizations

Information is gathered from other international organizations that promote skills development and the transition from education and training to work. The Interagency Group on Technical and Vocational Education and Training (IAG-TVET) was established in 2009 to share research findings, coordinate joint research endeavours, and improve collaboration among organizations working at the international and national levels.

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skpIntOrg
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international-organizations
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Lifelong learning

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There is a critical need for a greater overall investment in education and training, particularly in developing countries. Education and training investments should be closely linked to economic and employment growth strategies and programmes. Responsibility should be shared between the government (primary responsibility), enterprises, the social partners, and the individual. To make lifelong learning for all a reality, countries will need to make major reforms of their vocational and education and training systems. School-to-work schemes for young people should integrate education with workplace learning. Training systems need to become more flexible and responsive to rapidly changing skill requirements. Reforms should also focus on how learning can be facilitated, not just on training for specific occupational categories.

Identifier
skpPSLLL
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lifelong-learning
Knowledge Products:

Case studies and good practices

Case studies that document good practices and illustrate the benefits and lessons learnt of particular approaches or methods in real practice. 

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Identifier
skpCaseStdy
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case-studies-and-good-practices
Publication Date:
18 May 2015
This case study on promising Education for All (EFA) initiatives in Indonesia was commissioned by UNESCO Bangkok with support from the Japanese Funds-in-Trust (JFIT) as one of five country case studies from the Asia-Pacific region. The Asia-Pacific region is full of successful and innovative initiatives that have helped governments accelerate EFA progress at the country level. Governments in the region and beyond can learn from these experiences. It is in this context UNESCO Bangkok has embarked on the documentation of such practices.

Among the policies and strategies in Indonesia that have contributed to progress made towards the achievement of the EFA goals, the Literacy for Life Skills and Entrepreneurship (LLSE) programme is highlighted in this study and is viewed as a promising practice for accelerating efforts to achieve EFA Goal 4. The case study examines the LLSE intervention and explores its role in terms of national literacy achievements, particularly the EFA goal on adult literacy. The study also explores the relationship between literacy and increased entrepreneurship competencies of adults.
Subject Tags:

Entrepreneurship

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entrepreneurship
Identifier
182

Lifelong learning

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lifelong-learning
Identifier
400

Poverty alleviation

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poverty-alleviation
Identifier
149
Regions:
Countries and territories:

Sustaining the working poor in Kabul informal settlements: An evaluation of Solidarités International’s vocational training programme

Sustaining the working poor in Kabul informal settlements: An evaluation of Solidarités International’s vocational training programme

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Sustaining the working poor in Kabul informal settlements: An evaluation of Solidarités International’s vocational training programme
Language:

English

Slug
english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

Other sources

Experts from many international, regional and national agencies generously share their views, experiences and findings on skills, helping policy-makers among other stakeholders to understand the linkages between education, training and the world of work, and how to integrate skills into national development planning to promote employment and economic growth.

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Identifier
skpOSource
Slug
other-sources
Topics:

Access to training

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Access for all to good quality education, vocational training and workplace learning is a fundamental principle of social cohesion and economic growth. Some groups of people may require targeted attention if they are to benefit from education, training and employment opportunities.  

This is particularly the case for disadvantaged youth, lower skilled workers, people with disabilities, and people in rural communities. The attractiveness of vocational education and training is enhanced when combined with entrepreneurship training and when public policies encourage utilization of higher skills by business. 
 

Identifier
skpATSU
Slug
access-to-training

Anticipating and matching skills needs

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Anticipating and building skills for the future is essential to a rapidly changing labour market. This applies to changes in the types and levels of skills needed as well as in occupational and technical areas. Effective methods to anticipate future skills needs and avoid potential mismatches include: sustained dialogue between employers and trainers, coordination across government institutions, labour market information systems, employment services and performance reviews of training institutions. 

Identifier
skpAFSN
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anticipating-and-matching-skills-needs

Training quality and relevance

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Identifier
skpTrainQR
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training-quality-and-relevance
Knowledge Products:

Evaluation reports

Analytical assessments of technical cooperation programmes and national skills and employment policies, identifying success factors of different interventions in response to particular challenges in different circumstances.

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skpEvalRep
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evaluation-reports
Publication Date:
22 Apr 2015
Internal displacement and the development of informal settlements in Afghanistan are key humanitarian and development challenges for policy makers to address, and growing concerns in an uncertain context of transition. This third research study by Samuel Hall on the living conditions and protection concerns of internally displaced persons (IDPs) contributes to the knowledge base required to mainstream protection in humanitarian and development priorities and interventions.

There are over 50 informal settlements in Kabul (KIS) where mainly returnee and IDP households live in extreme poverty and vulnerability. The working population in KIS can be identified as low-skilled and economically disadvantaged workers. In such a context, skills upgrading can be an effective policy intervention to strengthen the local integration of the working poor and can lead to poverty reduction in KIS. Thus, vocational training may lead to increased productivity and higher income next to the working poor in KIS, if it is designed based on the realities of the labour market in Kabul.
Subject Tags:

Low skilled workers

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low-skilled-workers
Identifier
650

Poverty

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poverty
Identifier
148

Poverty alleviation

Slug
poverty-alleviation
Identifier
149

Skills anticipation

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skills-anticipation
Identifier
677

Social protection

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social-protection
Identifier
101

TVET systems

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tvet-systems
Identifier
661

Vocational training

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vocational-training
Identifier
124
Regions:
Countries and territories:

Demand and supply of skills in Ghana: How can training programs improve employment and productivity?

Demand and supply of skills in Ghana: How can training programs improve employment and productivity?

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Demand and supply of skills in Ghana: How can training programs improve employment and productivity?
Language:

English

Slug
english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

International organizations

Information is gathered from other international organizations that promote skills development and the transition from education and training to work. The Interagency Group on Technical and Vocational Education and Training (IAG-TVET) was established in 2009 to share research findings, coordinate joint research endeavours, and improve collaboration among organizations working at the international and national levels.

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skpIntOrg
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international-organizations
Topics:

Access to training

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Access for all to good quality education, vocational training and workplace learning is a fundamental principle of social cohesion and economic growth. Some groups of people may require targeted attention if they are to benefit from education, training and employment opportunities.  

This is particularly the case for disadvantaged youth, lower skilled workers, people with disabilities, and people in rural communities. The attractiveness of vocational education and training is enhanced when combined with entrepreneurship training and when public policies encourage utilization of higher skills by business. 
 

Identifier
skpATSU
Slug
access-to-training

Other topic

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Identifier
skpOIssue
Slug
other-topic

Training quality and relevance

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Identifier
skpTrainQR
Slug
training-quality-and-relevance
Knowledge Products:

Research papers

Working papers, reports, and other publications from international organizations, academic institutions and bilateral agencies. Research findings to stimulate informed debate on skills, employment and productivity issues. 

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Identifier
skpRPS
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research-papers
Publication Date:
15 Jan 2015
Ghana has a youthful population of 24 million and has shown impressive gains in economic growth and in poverty reduction over the last two decades. The necessary sustained growth requires three critical steps: (1) increase productivity in the strategic economic sectors, (2) diversify the economy, and (3) expand employment. Raising the level and range of skills in the country provides a key contribution to these core drivers of sustained growth.

This report focuses on one segment of Ghana’s skills development system: formal and informal technical and vocational education and training (TVET) at the pre-tertiary level. Although TVET alone does not guarantee productivity gains or job creation, it is generally agreed that a blend of cognitive, non-cognitive, intermediate, and higher technical skills is crucial to enhance the country’s competitiveness and contribute to social inclusion, acceptable employment, and the alleviation of poverty. The report assesses the economic and social demand for vocational skills and the scope and scale of supply. Special attention is placed on vocational training for those working in the informal economy, and on non-formal (private) training providers.
Subject Tags:

Economic growth

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economic-growth
Identifier
166

Human resources development

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human-resources-development
Identifier
118

Lifelong learning

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lifelong-learning
Identifier
400

Low skilled workers

Slug
low-skilled-workers
Identifier
650

Poverty alleviation

Slug
poverty-alleviation
Identifier
149

Skills and training policy

Slug
skills-and-training-policy
Identifier
666

Transferable skills

Slug
transferable-skills
Identifier
660

TVET systems

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tvet-systems
Identifier
661

Vocational training

Slug
vocational-training
Identifier
124
Regions:

Africa

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Countries and territories:

Gender at Work: A Companion to the World Development Report on Jobs

Gender at Work: A Companion to the World Development Report on Jobs

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Gender at Work: A Companion to the World Development Report on Jobs
Language:

English

Slug
english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

International organizations

Information is gathered from other international organizations that promote skills development and the transition from education and training to work. The Interagency Group on Technical and Vocational Education and Training (IAG-TVET) was established in 2009 to share research findings, coordinate joint research endeavours, and improve collaboration among organizations working at the international and national levels.

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skpIntOrg
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international-organizations
Topics:

Skills policies and strategies

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Skills and employment policies should be viewed together.  The full value of one policy set is realized when it supports the objectives of the other.  For investments in education and training to yield maximum benefit to workers, enterprises, and economies, countries’ capacities for coordination is critical in three areas: connecting basic education to technical training and then to market entry; ensuring continuous communication between employers and training providers so that training meets the needs and aspirations of workers and enterprises, and integrating skills development policies with industrial, investment, trade, technology, environmental, rural and local development policies.

Identifier
skpPolConv
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skills-policies-and-strategies
Knowledge Products:

Research papers

Working papers, reports, and other publications from international organizations, academic institutions and bilateral agencies. Research findings to stimulate informed debate on skills, employment and productivity issues. 

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Identifier
skpRPS
Slug
research-papers

Statistical information

Data produced by the international organizations and countries on trends in skills provision, demand, and employment outcomes to help inform policy-making and monitoring processes.

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Identifier
skpStatInfo
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statistical-information
Publication Date:
24 Feb 2014
A Companion to the World Development Report on Jobs 2013 The report advocates investing more in women’s capabilities and eliminating structural barriers such as laws that bar women from owning property, accessing financing, or working without permission from a male relative. Public and private policies and actions can promote equality over a lifetime. This includes education and training during youth and creating opportunities for women to participate in paid work during their economically productive years. It extends to implementing equitable old-age labor regulations combined with appropriate social protection later in life.
Subject Tags:

Gender

Slug
294
Identifier
294

Gender and development

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gender-and-development

Policy convergence

Slug
policy-convergence
Identifier
674

Poverty alleviation

Slug
poverty-alleviation
Identifier
149

Productivity

Slug
productivity
Identifier
188
Regions:

Linking labour organisation and vocational training in Uganda: Lessons for rural poverty reduction

Linking labour organisation and vocational training in Uganda: Lessons for rural poverty reduction

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Linking labour organisation and vocational training in Uganda: Lessons for rural poverty reduction
Language:

English

Slug
english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

Bilateral organizations

The development agencies of many countries make skills development a pillar of their Official Development Assistance – from the perspective of education systems, employment promotion, poverty reduction, and private sector development. Documentation of their experience, evaluations and impact assessments, mission statements, and other knowledge products are made available through the Global KSP.

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skpBiOrg
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bilateral-organizations
Topics:

Access to training

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Access for all to good quality education, vocational training and workplace learning is a fundamental principle of social cohesion and economic growth. Some groups of people may require targeted attention if they are to benefit from education, training and employment opportunities.  

This is particularly the case for disadvantaged youth, lower skilled workers, people with disabilities, and people in rural communities. The attractiveness of vocational education and training is enhanced when combined with entrepreneurship training and when public policies encourage utilization of higher skills by business. 
 

Identifier
skpATSU
Slug
access-to-training

Rural employment

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Eight out of 10 of the world’s working poor who live on US $1.25 per day live in rural areas, where many are caught in vulnerable employment, especially in agriculture.Flourishing rural areas are vital to regional and national development. Yet, rural economies tend to face a wide range of challenges that urban areas are more likely to overcome. These include access to transportation, sanitation and health services, and a consumer base in close proximity to support small and medium enterprise development. Women and men working in rural areas also face difficulties associated with a paucity of economic opportunities, under investment, poor infrastructure and public services, including education, and, in many cases, weak governance and underdeveloped markets.

Education, entrepreneurship, and physical and social infrastructure all play an important role in developing rural regions. Skills are central to improving employability and livelihood opportunities, reducing poverty, enhancing productivity and promoting environmentally sustainable development.

Identifier
skpREmpl
Slug
rural-employment
Knowledge Products:

Case studies and good practices

Case studies that document good practices and illustrate the benefits and lessons learnt of particular approaches or methods in real practice. 

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Identifier
skpCaseStdy
Slug
case-studies-and-good-practices
Publication Date:
01 Oct 2013
The study examines conditions for effective skills development in Uganda in the context of reducing rural poverty. It assesses the achievements and shortcomings of the Ugandan policy framework for formal and non-formal vocational education and training for the rural labour force. It argues that the capacity of the formal vocational training system is unlikely to be adequate for the provision of services that reach the poorest segments of the rural labour force, despite significant improvements brought about by on-going reform processes. The analysis of Uganda’s strategy for agricultural education, as well as its agricultural extension system, points to the need for a more comprehensive approach to rural skills development, which can respond to the skills needs of smallholder farmers and agricultural wage workers.

The paper argues that in order to up-scale sustainable results through non-formal vocational training in rural areas, skills development efforts need to be integrated into existing organisational structures of farmers at the local level. Case studies of agricultural cooperatives in eastern Uganda provide fresh evidence of innovative approaches to skills development for the rural poor. However, this study also shows that the integration of training provision into existing organisational structures may compromise, rather than improve, access to training. As economic and social structures of organisation in rural communities are strengthened, existing inequalities may be perpetuated. As a result, access to training, as well as other services, may be biased towards wealthier and more powerful sections of the community. The paper concludes that any integration of non-formal training provision into cooperative approaches needs to carefully assess the local political environment, as well as the existing structures of economic and social inequality.
Subject Tags:

Agriculture

Slug
agriculture
Identifier
225

Poverty alleviation

Slug
poverty-alleviation
Identifier
149

Rural employment

Slug
rural-employment
Identifier
670

Rural workers

Slug
rural-workers
Identifier
637

Vocational training

Slug
vocational-training
Identifier
124
Regions:

Africa

Region Image
Countries and territories:

Nepal: An innovative franchising model for practice oriented vocational training

Nepal: An innovative franchising model for practice oriented vocational training

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Nepal: An innovative franchising model for practice oriented vocational training
Language:

English

Slug
english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

Bilateral organizations

The development agencies of many countries make skills development a pillar of their Official Development Assistance – from the perspective of education systems, employment promotion, poverty reduction, and private sector development. Documentation of their experience, evaluations and impact assessments, mission statements, and other knowledge products are made available through the Global KSP.

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Identifier
skpBiOrg
Slug
bilateral-organizations
Topics:

Access to training

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Access for all to good quality education, vocational training and workplace learning is a fundamental principle of social cohesion and economic growth. Some groups of people may require targeted attention if they are to benefit from education, training and employment opportunities.  

This is particularly the case for disadvantaged youth, lower skilled workers, people with disabilities, and people in rural communities. The attractiveness of vocational education and training is enhanced when combined with entrepreneurship training and when public policies encourage utilization of higher skills by business. 
 

Identifier
skpATSU
Slug
access-to-training

Training quality and relevance

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Identifier
skpTrainQR
Slug
training-quality-and-relevance

Youth employability

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Globally, nearly 68 million young women and men are looking for and available for work,  and an estimated 123 million young people are working but living in poverty. The number who are not in employment, education or training (NEET) stands at 267 million, a majority of whom are young women. Significantly, young people are three times as likely as adults (25 years and older) to be unemployed.

Skills development is a primary means of enabling young people to make a smooth transition to work. A comprehensive approach is required to integrate young women and men in the labour market, including relevant and quality skills training, labour market information, career guidance and employment services, recognition of prior learning, incorporating entrepreneurship with training and effective skills forecasting. Improved basic education and core work skills are particularly important to enable youth to engage in lifelong learning as well as transition to the labour market. 

Identifier
skpYoEmp
Slug
youth-employability
Knowledge Products:

Case studies and good practices

Case studies that document good practices and illustrate the benefits and lessons learnt of particular approaches or methods in real practice. 

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Identifier
skpCaseStdy
Slug
case-studies-and-good-practices
Publication Date:
20 Sep 2013
The Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) has supported the introduction of an innovative business model, a variant of a franchising model, in the vocational training sector in Nepal. Private sector organizations have provided training and job placement services to around 25’000 young people. Over 80% of them have found gainful employment or self-employment. The programme targets young women and men from economically poor and socially discriminated groups. Through SDC and HELVETAS Swiss Intercooperation, additional funding has been attracted from the Government of the United Kingdom and the World Bank.
Subject Tags:

Disadvantaged youth

Slug
disadvantaged-youth
Identifier
663

Poverty alleviation

Slug
poverty-alleviation
Identifier
149

Private sector

Slug
private-sector
Identifier
229

Vocational training

Slug
vocational-training
Identifier
124
Regions:
Countries and territories:

Improving skills development in the informal sector: Strategies for Sub-Saharan Africa

Improving skills development in the informal sector: Strategies for Sub-Saharan Africa

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Improving skills development in the informal sector: Strategies for Sub-Saharan Africa
Language:

English

Slug
english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

International organizations

Information is gathered from other international organizations that promote skills development and the transition from education and training to work. The Interagency Group on Technical and Vocational Education and Training (IAG-TVET) was established in 2009 to share research findings, coordinate joint research endeavours, and improve collaboration among organizations working at the international and national levels.

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Identifier
skpIntOrg
Slug
international-organizations
Topics:

Access to training

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Access for all to good quality education, vocational training and workplace learning is a fundamental principle of social cohesion and economic growth. Some groups of people may require targeted attention if they are to benefit from education, training and employment opportunities.  

This is particularly the case for disadvantaged youth, lower skilled workers, people with disabilities, and people in rural communities. The attractiveness of vocational education and training is enhanced when combined with entrepreneurship training and when public policies encourage utilization of higher skills by business. 
 

Identifier
skpATSU
Slug
access-to-training
Knowledge Products:

Case studies and good practices

Case studies that document good practices and illustrate the benefits and lessons learnt of particular approaches or methods in real practice. 

Thumbnail
Identifier
skpCaseStdy
Slug
case-studies-and-good-practices

Research papers

Working papers, reports, and other publications from international organizations, academic institutions and bilateral agencies. Research findings to stimulate informed debate on skills, employment and productivity issues. 

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Identifier
skpRPS
Slug
research-papers
Publication Date:
20 Aug 2013
Sub-Saharan Africa has millions of nonfarm workers engaged in small and household enterprises outside formal wage employment, constituting the informal sector. Previously seen as a pool of surplus labor expected to be absorbed by future industrialization, this sector has instead become a persistent feature of the region’s economic landscape, and accounts for a majority of new jobs created off the farm.

Expanding the sector’s potential as a source of employment for the region’s growing workforce and improving its productivity and earnings are priorities for poverty reduction. This publication examines the role played by education and skills development in serving these priorities.

The study looks at how formal education, technical and vocational education and training, apprenticeships, and on-the-job learning shape employment and earnings in the informal sector in five countries: Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, and Tanzania, that together account for one-third of the nearly 900 million people living in Sub-Saharan Africa. In particular, the paper examines: (a) the employment characteristics of the informal sector, (b) its size and impact on poverty, (c) the profile of education and training in the informal and formal sectors and the links with employment and earnings, and (d) the skills development strategies of those working in the informal sector.

The importance of this study is its quantitative assessment, using household surveys, of the relationship of different sources of skills development to the sector in which one works and to one’s earnings. The paper also examines a set of economic constraints to skills development and offers an insightful approach to improving employment outcomes, including examples of successful interventions taken from the five countries and elsewhere.
Subject Tags:

Apprenticeships

Slug
apprenticeships
Identifier
639

Informal economy

Slug
informal-economy
Identifier
187

Poverty alleviation

Slug
poverty-alleviation
Identifier
149

Vocational training

Slug
vocational-training
Identifier
124
Regions:

Africa

Region Image