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Understanding the Dynamics of Labor Income Inequality in Latin America

Understanding the Dynamics of Labor Income Inequality in Latin America

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Understanding the Dynamics of Labor Income Inequality in Latin America
Language:

English

Slug
english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

Other sources

Experts from many international, regional and national agencies generously share their views, experiences and findings on skills, helping policy-makers among other stakeholders to understand the linkages between education, training and the world of work, and how to integrate skills into national development planning to promote employment and economic growth.

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Identifier
skpOSource
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other-sources
Topics:

Access to training

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Access for all to good quality education, vocational training and workplace learning is a fundamental principle of social cohesion and economic growth. Some groups of people may require targeted attention if they are to benefit from education, training and employment opportunities.  

This is particularly the case for disadvantaged youth, lower skilled workers, people with disabilities, and people in rural communities. The attractiveness of vocational education and training is enhanced when combined with entrepreneurship training and when public policies encourage utilization of higher skills by business. 
 

Identifier
skpATSU
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access-to-training

Other topic

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Identifier
skpOIssue
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other-topic
Knowledge Products:

Research papers

Working papers, reports, and other publications from international organizations, academic institutions and bilateral agencies. Research findings to stimulate informed debate on skills, employment and productivity issues. 

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Identifier
skpRPS
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research-papers
Publication Date:
18 Nov 2016
Since the early 2000s, after a long period of wide and persistent gaps, Latin America has experienced a steady decline in income inequality. This paper presents evidence of a trend reversal in labor income inequality, which is considered the main factor behind such a decline in income inequality across the region. The analysis shows that, while labor income inequality increased during the 1990s, with heterogeneous experiences across countries, it fell in a synchronized way across countries beginning in the early 2000s. This systematic decline was supported by an expansion in real hourly earnings among the bottom of the wage distribution and, to a lesser extent, the middle part of the earnings distribution, thus reducing upper and lower tail inequality. This trend reversal is explained by a lower dispersion of earnings among workers with observable different attributes and by a much less extensive dispersion of residual labor inequality. Regarding the earnings differentials among workers with observable different attributes, the analysis concludes that the decline in labor inequality in Latin America has been closely associated with a reduction in the college/primary education premium and in the urban-rural earnings gap, coupled with a steady drop in the high school/primary education premium, which accelerated markedly since the 2000s, as well as a reduction in the experience premium across all age groups.

Aprendizaje y políticas de transición de la educación al trabajo para jóvenes en América Latina y El Caribe

Aprendizaje y políticas de transición de la educación al trabajo para jóvenes en América Latina y El Caribe

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Aprendizaje y políticas de transición de la educación al trabajo para jóvenes en América Latina y El Caribe
Language:

Spanish

Slug
spanish
Identifier
skpEsp
Sources:

ILO

The International Labour Organization is the tripartite U.N. agency that promotes Decent Work through employment, social security, labour standards and social dialogue. Its work on skills development is guided by the conceptual framework on Skills to improve productivity, employment growth, and development agreed in 2008 by representatives of Governments, Employers’ Associations and Workers’ Associations. Research, policy advice, and pilot projects and technical cooperation programmes to apply good practices in different circumstances across its 185 member States aims to boost the employability of workers, the productivity and competitiveness of enterprises, and the inclusiveness of economic growth. The ILO Secretariat in offices in 40 countries works with Ministries of Labour, employers’ organizations, and trade unions to integrate skills development into national and sector development strategies in order to better meet current labour market needs and to prepare for the jobs of the future; to expand access to employment-related training so that youth, persons with disabilities and other vulnerable groups are better able to acquire skills and secure productive and decent work; and to improve the ability of public employment services to provide career guidance, maintain labour exchange services, and deliver active labour market programmes.For more information regarding the ILO’s work on skills and employability go to: http://www.ilo.org/skills/lang--en/index.htm; for ILO/Cinterfor's Knowledge Management Plarform, see: http://www.oitcinterfor.org

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Identifier
skpILO
Slug
ilo
Topics:

Youth employability

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Globally, nearly 68 million young women and men are looking for and available for work,  and an estimated 123 million young people are working but living in poverty. The number who are not in employment, education or training (NEET) stands at 267 million, a majority of whom are young women. Significantly, young people are three times as likely as adults (25 years and older) to be unemployed.

Skills development is a primary means of enabling young people to make a smooth transition to work. A comprehensive approach is required to integrate young women and men in the labour market, including relevant and quality skills training, labour market information, career guidance and employment services, recognition of prior learning, incorporating entrepreneurship with training and effective skills forecasting. Improved basic education and core work skills are particularly important to enable youth to engage in lifelong learning as well as transition to the labour market. 

Identifier
skpYoEmp
Slug
youth-employability
Knowledge Products:

Research papers

Working papers, reports, and other publications from international organizations, academic institutions and bilateral agencies. Research findings to stimulate informed debate on skills, employment and productivity issues. 

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Identifier
skpRPS
Slug
research-papers
Publication Date:
22 Feb 2016

La presente publicación constituye una contribución de la Oficina de la OIT para el Cono Sur de América Latina a través del Programa de apoyo a las políticas de empleo y formación de jóvenes en el Uruguay y de OIT/Cinterfor, al proceso de generación de análisis y reflexión que lleva adelante la Organización Internacional del Trabajo sobre el tema del aprendizaje y las políticas y programas de transición de la educación al trabajo de los jóvenes.

Contiene una sistematización de los resultados de una serie de investigaciones nacionales sobre el aprendizaje y las políticas y programas de transición de la educación al trabajo de jóvenes llevada adelante en Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Jamaica, México, Perú y Trinidad y Tobago, la cual deja de manifiesto la enorme riqueza y variedad de enfoques y de soluciones prácticas que los países se han dado para procurar posibilitar y facilitar la inserción laboral de su población joven.

Subject Tags:

Education and training

Slug
education-and-training
Identifier
116

School-to-work transition

Slug
school-to-work-transition
Identifier
652

Skills and training policy

Slug
skills-and-training-policy
Identifier
666

Youth

Slug
youth
Identifier
319
Regions:

Americas

Region Image

Aprendizaje y políticas de transición de la educación al trabajo para jóvenes en Costa Rica, Guatemala y México

Aprendizaje y políticas de transición de la educación al trabajo para jóvenes en Costa Rica, Guatemala y México

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Aprendizaje y políticas de transición de la educación al trabajo para jóvenes en Costa Rica, Guatemala y México
Language:

Spanish

Slug
spanish
Identifier
skpEsp
Sources:

ILO

The International Labour Organization is the tripartite U.N. agency that promotes Decent Work through employment, social security, labour standards and social dialogue. Its work on skills development is guided by the conceptual framework on Skills to improve productivity, employment growth, and development agreed in 2008 by representatives of Governments, Employers’ Associations and Workers’ Associations. Research, policy advice, and pilot projects and technical cooperation programmes to apply good practices in different circumstances across its 185 member States aims to boost the employability of workers, the productivity and competitiveness of enterprises, and the inclusiveness of economic growth. The ILO Secretariat in offices in 40 countries works with Ministries of Labour, employers’ organizations, and trade unions to integrate skills development into national and sector development strategies in order to better meet current labour market needs and to prepare for the jobs of the future; to expand access to employment-related training so that youth, persons with disabilities and other vulnerable groups are better able to acquire skills and secure productive and decent work; and to improve the ability of public employment services to provide career guidance, maintain labour exchange services, and deliver active labour market programmes.For more information regarding the ILO’s work on skills and employability go to: http://www.ilo.org/skills/lang--en/index.htm; for ILO/Cinterfor's Knowledge Management Plarform, see: http://www.oitcinterfor.org

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Identifier
skpILO
Slug
ilo
Topics:

Lifelong learning

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There is a critical need for a greater overall investment in education and training, particularly in developing countries. Education and training investments should be closely linked to economic and employment growth strategies and programmes. Responsibility should be shared between the government (primary responsibility), enterprises, the social partners, and the individual. To make lifelong learning for all a reality, countries will need to make major reforms of their vocational and education and training systems. School-to-work schemes for young people should integrate education with workplace learning. Training systems need to become more flexible and responsive to rapidly changing skill requirements. Reforms should also focus on how learning can be facilitated, not just on training for specific occupational categories.

Identifier
skpPSLLL
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lifelong-learning

Training quality and relevance

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Identifier
skpTrainQR
Slug
training-quality-and-relevance
Knowledge Products:

Research papers

Working papers, reports, and other publications from international organizations, academic institutions and bilateral agencies. Research findings to stimulate informed debate on skills, employment and productivity issues. 

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Identifier
skpRPS
Slug
research-papers
Publication Date:
21 Jan 2016

Esta publicación ofrece un panorama actualizado sobre los programas de aprendizaje y las políticas y programas de transición de la educación al trabajo de jóvenes en Costa Rica, Guatemala y México. Los estudios de caso nacionales, elaborados por reconocidos profesionales en este campo de cada uno de los países arriba mencionados, mantienen una estructura común que incluye un análisis del marco normativo vigente y el funcionamiento de facto tanto del aprendizaje como de los sistemas de formación profesional y demás dispositivos de transición de la educación al trabajo de jóvenes.

Subject Tags:

Education and training

Slug
education-and-training
Identifier
116

Job matching

Slug
job-matching
Identifier
649

Qualification frameworks

Slug
qualification-frameworks
Identifier
651

School-to-work transition

Slug
school-to-work-transition
Identifier
652

Youth

Slug
youth
Identifier
319
Regions:

Americas

Region Image
Countries and territories:

Prospectiva de la formación profesional. Área de servicios de turismo, sub-áreas de servicios de hospedaje, recreación y de viajes. Informe final.

Prospectiva de la formación profesional. Área de servicios de turismo, sub-áreas de servicios de hospedaje, recreación y de viajes. Informe final.

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Prospectiva de la formación profesional. Área de servicios de turismo, sub-áreas de servicios de hospedaje, recreación y de viajes. Informe final.
Language:

Spanish

Slug
spanish
Identifier
skpEsp
Sources:

Governments

Governments hold a wealth of knowledge on skills development, and are increasingly realizing the value of learning from each others’ experiences. Their policy documents, programme evaluations, and research findings contain their experience and ideas on how to better link skills to employment

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Identifier
skpGov
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governments

ILO

The International Labour Organization is the tripartite U.N. agency that promotes Decent Work through employment, social security, labour standards and social dialogue. Its work on skills development is guided by the conceptual framework on Skills to improve productivity, employment growth, and development agreed in 2008 by representatives of Governments, Employers’ Associations and Workers’ Associations. Research, policy advice, and pilot projects and technical cooperation programmes to apply good practices in different circumstances across its 185 member States aims to boost the employability of workers, the productivity and competitiveness of enterprises, and the inclusiveness of economic growth. The ILO Secretariat in offices in 40 countries works with Ministries of Labour, employers’ organizations, and trade unions to integrate skills development into national and sector development strategies in order to better meet current labour market needs and to prepare for the jobs of the future; to expand access to employment-related training so that youth, persons with disabilities and other vulnerable groups are better able to acquire skills and secure productive and decent work; and to improve the ability of public employment services to provide career guidance, maintain labour exchange services, and deliver active labour market programmes.For more information regarding the ILO’s work on skills and employability go to: http://www.ilo.org/skills/lang--en/index.htm; for ILO/Cinterfor's Knowledge Management Plarform, see: http://www.oitcinterfor.org

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Identifier
skpILO
Slug
ilo
Topics:

Anticipating and matching skills needs

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Anticipating and building skills for the future is essential to a rapidly changing labour market. This applies to changes in the types and levels of skills needed as well as in occupational and technical areas. Effective methods to anticipate future skills needs and avoid potential mismatches include: sustained dialogue between employers and trainers, coordination across government institutions, labour market information systems, employment services and performance reviews of training institutions. 

Identifier
skpAFSN
Slug
anticipating-and-matching-skills-needs

Sectoral approaches

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Matching skills to labour market demand requires reliable sectoral and occupational information and institutions that connect employers with training providers.  Sector based strategies and institutions have proved effective in engaging all stakeholders in promoting both pre-employment training and life-long learning.

Identifier
skpSectApr
Slug
sectoral-approaches
Knowledge Products:

Research papers

Working papers, reports, and other publications from international organizations, academic institutions and bilateral agencies. Research findings to stimulate informed debate on skills, employment and productivity issues. 

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Identifier
skpRPS
Slug
research-papers
Publication Date:
09 Jun 2014

El Instituto Técnico de Capacitación y Productividad (INTECAP), como institución líder en formación profesional y desde el campo de su competencia, la capacitación y la asistencia técnica, ha buscado nuevos métodos, modelos, técnicas y estrategias de aprendizaje para contribuir a mejorar el desempeño del talento humano guatemalteco y así cubrir las necesidades de las personas y de las empresas.

El método de prospección se utiliza como herramienta para la identificación de tendencias de difusión tecnológica e impacto en las principales ocupaciones de un sector específico. Con el apoyo de OIT/CINTERFOR, el Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje Industrial de BRASIL (SENAI), transfirió a INTECAP dicha metodología a través de talleres presenciales. En este caso específico, el ejercicio de prospección, se realizó en el sector turismo debido a la importancia que éste tiene como segundo generador de divisas para el país. La formación en turismo precisa de una reorientación y reestructuración para lograr que sea más competitivo, con capacidades de innovación y que tenga una visión del nuevo mercado de trabajo.

En el presente estudio se determinaron las tecnologías emergentes del sector turismo que probablemente serán utilizadas en Guatemala dentro de los diez próximos años, utilizando para su identificación y validación la técnica del panel de especialistas y la de entrevista directa.

Subject Tags:

Education and training

Slug
education-and-training
Identifier
116

Hotel industry

Slug
hotel-industry
Identifier
236

Sectoral approaches

Slug
sectoral-approaches
Identifier
676

Skills anticipation

Slug
skills-anticipation
Identifier
677

Technology

Slug
technology
Identifier
345

Tourism

Slug
tourism
Identifier
243
Regions:

Americas

Region Image
Countries and territories:

Building alliances for youth: Lessons from Obra

Building alliances for youth: Lessons from Obra

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Building alliances for youth: Lessons from Obra
Language:

English

Slug
english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

Other sources

Experts from many international, regional and national agencies generously share their views, experiences and findings on skills, helping policy-makers among other stakeholders to understand the linkages between education, training and the world of work, and how to integrate skills into national development planning to promote employment and economic growth.

Thumbnail
Identifier
skpOSource
Slug
other-sources
Topics:

Access to training

Thumbnail

Access for all to good quality education, vocational training and workplace learning is a fundamental principle of social cohesion and economic growth. Some groups of people may require targeted attention if they are to benefit from education, training and employment opportunities.  

This is particularly the case for disadvantaged youth, lower skilled workers, people with disabilities, and people in rural communities. The attractiveness of vocational education and training is enhanced when combined with entrepreneurship training and when public policies encourage utilization of higher skills by business. 
 

Identifier
skpATSU
Slug
access-to-training

Participation of employers' and workers' organizations

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The world of learning and the world of work are separate but linked. While one involves learning, the other produces goods and services. Neither can thrive without the other. Strong partnerships between government, employers and workers help ensure the relevance of training to the changing needs of enterprises and labour markets. 

Identifier
skpPSP
Slug
participation-of-employers-and-workers-organizations

Youth employability

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Globally, nearly 68 million young women and men are looking for and available for work,  and an estimated 123 million young people are working but living in poverty. The number who are not in employment, education or training (NEET) stands at 267 million, a majority of whom are young women. Significantly, young people are three times as likely as adults (25 years and older) to be unemployed.

Skills development is a primary means of enabling young people to make a smooth transition to work. A comprehensive approach is required to integrate young women and men in the labour market, including relevant and quality skills training, labour market information, career guidance and employment services, recognition of prior learning, incorporating entrepreneurship with training and effective skills forecasting. Improved basic education and core work skills are particularly important to enable youth to engage in lifelong learning as well as transition to the labour market. 

Identifier
skpYoEmp
Slug
youth-employability
Knowledge Products:

Case studies and good practices

Case studies that document good practices and illustrate the benefits and lessons learnt of particular approaches or methods in real practice. 

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Identifier
skpCaseStdy
Slug
case-studies-and-good-practices
Publication Date:
12 Nov 2012
This publication focuses on the process, from 2010-2011, for building the Obra sub-regional partnerships in Peru, Guatemala and Jamaica and the lessons learned along the way. Obra is a public-private partnership initiative, launched in 2009, that ensures youth at risk gain increased access to services and programs they need to learn, work and lead. The program built alliances with over 60 businesses, public agencies and NGOs, who committed their resources and expertise to form partnerships, demonstrating the power of collaboration to expand opportunities, encourage innovation and influence public policy.
Subject Tags:

Disadvantaged youth

Slug
disadvantaged-youth
Identifier
663

Information and communication technologies

Slug
information-and-communication-technologies
Identifier
346

Internships

Slug
internships
Identifier
648

Public private partnerships

Slug
public-private-partnerships
Identifier
138
Regions:

Americas

Region Image
Countries and territories: