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Non-public provision of active labor market programs in Arab- Mediterranean countries: An inventory of youth programs

Non-public provision of active labor market programs in Arab- Mediterranean countries: An inventory of youth programs

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Non-public provision of active labor market programs in Arab- Mediterranean countries: An inventory of youth programs
Language:

English

Slug
english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

International organizations

Information is gathered from other international organizations that promote skills development and the transition from education and training to work. The Interagency Group on Technical and Vocational Education and Training (IAG-TVET) was established in 2009 to share research findings, coordinate joint research endeavours, and improve collaboration among organizations working at the international and national levels.

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skpIntOrg
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international-organizations
Topics:

Monitoring and evaluation

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Measuring the outcomes of skills systems, policies and targeted programmes is essential in order to monitor and improve their effectiveness and relevance. Elements of sound assessment processes include: institutions to sustain feedback from employers and trainees; mechanisms to track labour market outcomes of training and systems of accountability that use this information; and, quantitative and qualitative labour market information and its dissemination to all stakeholders.

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skpPolPer
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monitoring-and-evaluation

Youth employability

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Globally, nearly 68 million young women and men are looking for and available for work,  and an estimated 123 million young people are working but living in poverty. The number who are not in employment, education or training (NEET) stands at 267 million, a majority of whom are young women. Significantly, young people are three times as likely as adults (25 years and older) to be unemployed.

Skills development is a primary means of enabling young people to make a smooth transition to work. A comprehensive approach is required to integrate young women and men in the labour market, including relevant and quality skills training, labour market information, career guidance and employment services, recognition of prior learning, incorporating entrepreneurship with training and effective skills forecasting. Improved basic education and core work skills are particularly important to enable youth to engage in lifelong learning as well as transition to the labour market. 

Identifier
skpYoEmp
Slug
youth-employability
Knowledge Products:

Research papers

Working papers, reports, and other publications from international organizations, academic institutions and bilateral agencies. Research findings to stimulate informed debate on skills, employment and productivity issues. 

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Identifier
skpRPS
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research-papers
Publication Date:
30 Apr 2013
This note presents and analyzes the main design features of an inventory of non-publicly provided Active Labor Market Programs (ALMPs) in Arab-Mediterranean Countries (AMCs), with a specific focus on programs targeted at youth. Despite considerable international evidence, there is little systematic analysis on the effectiveness of ALMPs in AMCs as most programs and investments remain largely un-assessed. Since most AMCs lack unemployment insurance systems or other safety nets for the unemployed, ALMPs constitute a relevant instrument to address the consequences of labor market frictions, such as high unemployment and slow school-to-work transition. Programs from nine countries are included in the inventory: Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Egypt, Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, West Bank and Gaza, and Yemen. Benchmarked against international best practices, assessment of the programs covered in the inventory reveals that the majority lack the necessary mix of design features that make programs effective. These findings call for urgent reforms in program design and delivery, especially given the sizeable financial investments in programs and the urgency to improve labor market outcomes among youth. This policy note constitutes a first step towards understanding and assessing provision of ALMPs in the Middle East and North Africa region and intends to provide policy makers and financiers with options for reform to enhance efficiency of existing programs and improve the design of future interventions. In addition to specific aspects of program design and implementation, stakeholder coordination needs to be strengthened and put at the forefront of ALMP reform.
Subject Tags:

Entrepreneurship

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entrepreneurship
Identifier
182

School-to-work transition

Slug
school-to-work-transition
Identifier
652

Skills mismatch

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skills-mismatch
Identifier
654

Youth unemployment

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youth-unemployment
Identifier
622
Regions:

Africa

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Arab States

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Public employment services in the Middle East and North Africa

Public employment services in the Middle East and North Africa

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Public employment services in the Middle East and North Africa
Language:

English

Slug
english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

International organizations

Information is gathered from other international organizations that promote skills development and the transition from education and training to work. The Interagency Group on Technical and Vocational Education and Training (IAG-TVET) was established in 2009 to share research findings, coordinate joint research endeavours, and improve collaboration among organizations working at the international and national levels.

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Identifier
skpIntOrg
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international-organizations
Topics:

Career guidance and employment services

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Career guidance and counselling, career education and lifelong development of skills for employability are key for success in learning activities, effective career transitions, livelihood planning, entrepreneurship and in increasing labour market participation. They are instrumental in promoting skills utilization, recognition (RPL), as well as in improving enterprise human resource management.

Career development activities encompass a wide variety of support activities including career information and advice, counselling, work exposure (e.g. job shadowing, work experience periods), assessment, coaching, mentoring, professional networking, advocacy, basic and employability skills training (curricular and non-curricular) and entrepreneurship training. It is often an area which is fragmented across different ministries (e.g. education, TVET, employment, youth) requiring an effort to achieve the necessary coordination to provide adequate support to individuals during learning, employment and unemployment/inactivity periods.
 

Identifier
skpLMIES
Slug
career-guidance-and-employment-services
Knowledge Products:

Research papers

Working papers, reports, and other publications from international organizations, academic institutions and bilateral agencies. Research findings to stimulate informed debate on skills, employment and productivity issues. 

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Identifier
skpRPS
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research-papers
Publication Date:
15 Apr 2013
This study provides an institutional assessment of Public Employment Services (PES) in a selected group of countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) and compiles an inventory of the programs they provide. Data included in this study were collected through faceto- face interviews with officers from the national PES in Tunisia, Morocco, Egypt, Yemen, Lebanon, Syria, and Jordan between January 2010 and June 2011. Results indicate the PES in a typical MENA country faces a number of severe problems: it lacks proper funding, is understaffed, and is heavily constrained by a fragmented network of micro-credit and training institutions. Moreover, many PES in the region operate in a very difficult environment of demand-deficient labor markets, double-digit unemployment rates, and high rates of informal employment. According to the data collected, most PES in the region provide a variety of programs, such as training, entrepreneurship promotion, direct job creation (i.e. public works), and employment incentives (such as wage subsidies). Labor intermediation remains largely undeveloped while in-class vocational training continues to be the main type of program provided by PES in MENA (targeting mainly high-skilled unemployed youth). Nevertheless, in recent years, many PES in MENA have scaled-up entrepreneurship and employment incentive programs. Most PES in the region do not have access to labor market information systems, to results-based monitoring, and/or to scientific methods for program evaluation. As such, despite important investments and a variety of services provided, the impact of most employment programs provided by PES in MENA remains largely un-assessed.
Subject Tags:

Entrepreneurship

Slug
entrepreneurship
Identifier
182

School-to-work transition

Slug
school-to-work-transition
Identifier
652

Youth

Slug
youth
Identifier
319
Regions:

Africa

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Arab States

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Policy Note: Public employment services and publicly provided ALMPs in Egypt

Policy Note: Public employment services and publicly provided ALMPs in Egypt

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Policy Note: Public employment services and publicly provided ALMPs in Egypt
Language:

English

Slug
english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

International organizations

Information is gathered from other international organizations that promote skills development and the transition from education and training to work. The Interagency Group on Technical and Vocational Education and Training (IAG-TVET) was established in 2009 to share research findings, coordinate joint research endeavours, and improve collaboration among organizations working at the international and national levels.

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Identifier
skpIntOrg
Slug
international-organizations
Topics:

Career guidance and employment services

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Career guidance and counselling, career education and lifelong development of skills for employability are key for success in learning activities, effective career transitions, livelihood planning, entrepreneurship and in increasing labour market participation. They are instrumental in promoting skills utilization, recognition (RPL), as well as in improving enterprise human resource management.

Career development activities encompass a wide variety of support activities including career information and advice, counselling, work exposure (e.g. job shadowing, work experience periods), assessment, coaching, mentoring, professional networking, advocacy, basic and employability skills training (curricular and non-curricular) and entrepreneurship training. It is often an area which is fragmented across different ministries (e.g. education, TVET, employment, youth) requiring an effort to achieve the necessary coordination to provide adequate support to individuals during learning, employment and unemployment/inactivity periods.
 

Identifier
skpLMIES
Slug
career-guidance-and-employment-services
Knowledge Products:

National policies and initiatives

National legislation, policies and initiatives on the issue of training and skills development and the world of work. 

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Identifier
skpNatPol
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national-policies-and-initiatives
Publication Date:
15 Apr 2013
This note presents a brief overview of Public Employment Services (PES) in Egypt, describes the institutional framework for public delivery of Active Labor Market Programs (ALMPs) there and proposes a policy framework to improve employment services in the country.

The note is structured as follows. Section 1 presents PES international best practice. Section 2 describes the institutional framework governing employment services in Egypt. Sections 3 and 4 describe provision of labor intermediation and technical and vocational education and training (TVET) in Egypt. Sections 5 and 6 describe the country’s existing Public Works and Regional Development Programs as well as entrepreneurship programs followed by a brief conclusion.
Subject Tags:

Entrepreneurship

Slug
entrepreneurship
Identifier
182

Skills mismatch

Slug
skills-mismatch
Identifier
654

Vocational training

Slug
vocational-training
Identifier
124

Youth

Slug
youth
Identifier
319
Regions:

Africa

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Countries and territories:

Migration and skills: The experience of migrant workers from Albania, Egypt, Moldova, and Tunisia

Migration and skills: The experience of migrant workers from Albania, Egypt, Moldova, and Tunisia

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Migration and skills: The experience of migrant workers from Albania, Egypt, Moldova, and Tunisia
Language:

English

Slug
english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

International organizations

Information is gathered from other international organizations that promote skills development and the transition from education and training to work. The Interagency Group on Technical and Vocational Education and Training (IAG-TVET) was established in 2009 to share research findings, coordinate joint research endeavours, and improve collaboration among organizations working at the international and national levels.

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Identifier
skpIntOrg
Slug
international-organizations
Topics:

Access to training

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Access for all to good quality education, vocational training and workplace learning is a fundamental principle of social cohesion and economic growth. Some groups of people may require targeted attention if they are to benefit from education, training and employment opportunities.  

This is particularly the case for disadvantaged youth, lower skilled workers, people with disabilities, and people in rural communities. The attractiveness of vocational education and training is enhanced when combined with entrepreneurship training and when public policies encourage utilization of higher skills by business. 
 

Identifier
skpATSU
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access-to-training

Lifelong learning

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There is a critical need for a greater overall investment in education and training, particularly in developing countries. Education and training investments should be closely linked to economic and employment growth strategies and programmes. Responsibility should be shared between the government (primary responsibility), enterprises, the social partners, and the individual. To make lifelong learning for all a reality, countries will need to make major reforms of their vocational and education and training systems. School-to-work schemes for young people should integrate education with workplace learning. Training systems need to become more flexible and responsive to rapidly changing skill requirements. Reforms should also focus on how learning can be facilitated, not just on training for specific occupational categories.

Identifier
skpPSLLL
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lifelong-learning

Migrant workers

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According to the ILO global estimates on migrant workers, there were around 164 million migrant workers in 2017. 

Migrant workers contribute to growth and development in their countries of destination, while countries of origin greatly benefit from their remittances and the skills acquired during their migration experience. Yet, many migrant workers face challenges in accessing quality training and decent jobs including under-utilization of skills, a lack of employment or training opportunities, lack of information, and exploitation of low-skilled workers.

To address these challenges, countries need to strengthen skills anticipation systems to inform migration policies, increase access to education and training, and establish bilateral or multilateral recognition of qualifications and skills.

Identifier
skpMigWor
Slug
migrant-workers
Knowledge Products:

Research papers

Working papers, reports, and other publications from international organizations, academic institutions and bilateral agencies. Research findings to stimulate informed debate on skills, employment and productivity issues. 

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Identifier
skpRPS
Slug
research-papers
Publication Date:
28 Jan 2013
The subject of migration, and how best to manage it, has been moving up the policy agenda of the European Union (EU) for some time now. Faced with an aging population, possible skills shortages at all skills levels, and the need to compete for highly skilled migrants with countries such as Australia, Canada, and the United States, the EU is moving from seeing migration as a problem or a threat to viewing it as an opportunity. As an EU agency promoting skills and human capital development in transition and developing countries, the European Training Foundation (ETF) wished to explore the impact of migration on skills development, with a special emphasis on Diasporas and returning migrants. For the World Bank, the issue of migration forms an integral part of its approach to social protection, since it believes that labor-market policy must take into account the national as well the international dimensions of skilled labor mobility. Both institutions were keen to look at what changes need to be made to migration policy in order to achieve a triple-win situation, one that can benefit both sending and receiving countries as well as the migrants themselves. This report aims to unravel the complex relationship between migration and skills development. It paints a precise picture of potential and returning migrants from four very different countries, Albania, the Arab Republic of Egypt, Moldova, and Tunisia, that is a conscious choice of two 'traditional' (Egypt, Tunisia) and two 'new' (Albania, Moldova) sending countries, and describes the skills they possess and the impact that the experience of migration has on their skills development.
Subject Tags:

Human resources development

Slug
human-resources-development
Identifier
118

Migrant workers

Slug
migrant-workers
Identifier
681

Qualification frameworks

Slug
qualification-frameworks
Identifier
651

Skills mismatch

Slug
skills-mismatch
Identifier
654

Skills recognition

Slug
skills-recognition
Identifier
656
Regions:

Africa

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Egypt: Youth Employment National Action Plan: Summary 2010-2015

Egypt: Youth Employment National Action Plan: Summary 2010-2015

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Egypt: Youth Employment National Action Plan: Summary 2010-2015
Language:

English

Slug
english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

ILO

The International Labour Organization is the tripartite U.N. agency that promotes Decent Work through employment, social security, labour standards and social dialogue. Its work on skills development is guided by the conceptual framework on Skills to improve productivity, employment growth, and development agreed in 2008 by representatives of Governments, Employers’ Associations and Workers’ Associations. Research, policy advice, and pilot projects and technical cooperation programmes to apply good practices in different circumstances across its 185 member States aims to boost the employability of workers, the productivity and competitiveness of enterprises, and the inclusiveness of economic growth. The ILO Secretariat in offices in 40 countries works with Ministries of Labour, employers’ organizations, and trade unions to integrate skills development into national and sector development strategies in order to better meet current labour market needs and to prepare for the jobs of the future; to expand access to employment-related training so that youth, persons with disabilities and other vulnerable groups are better able to acquire skills and secure productive and decent work; and to improve the ability of public employment services to provide career guidance, maintain labour exchange services, and deliver active labour market programmes.For more information regarding the ILO’s work on skills and employability go to: http://www.ilo.org/skills/lang--en/index.htm; for ILO/Cinterfor's Knowledge Management Plarform, see: http://www.oitcinterfor.org

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Identifier
skpILO
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ilo
Topics:

Training quality and relevance

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Identifier
skpTrainQR
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training-quality-and-relevance

Youth employability

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Globally, nearly 68 million young women and men are looking for and available for work,  and an estimated 123 million young people are working but living in poverty. The number who are not in employment, education or training (NEET) stands at 267 million, a majority of whom are young women. Significantly, young people are three times as likely as adults (25 years and older) to be unemployed.

Skills development is a primary means of enabling young people to make a smooth transition to work. A comprehensive approach is required to integrate young women and men in the labour market, including relevant and quality skills training, labour market information, career guidance and employment services, recognition of prior learning, incorporating entrepreneurship with training and effective skills forecasting. Improved basic education and core work skills are particularly important to enable youth to engage in lifelong learning as well as transition to the labour market. 

Identifier
skpYoEmp
Slug
youth-employability
Knowledge Products:

National policies and initiatives

National legislation, policies and initiatives on the issue of training and skills development and the world of work. 

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Identifier
skpNatPol
Slug
national-policies-and-initiatives
Publication Date:
05 Nov 2012
The Plan sets specific objectives and outcomes for an integrated and comprehensive approach to meet the youth employment challenge in Egypt. The priority areas are as follows: technical education and vocational training, enterprise development, and labor market policies and programs. The specific objectives of the Plan are: raising youth employability, providing more job opportunities in key economic sectors, and resolving the mismatch between labor demand and supply by improving labor market policies and programs.
Subject Tags:

Employability

Slug
employability
Identifier
643

Enterprises

Slug
enterprises
Identifier
175

Entrepreneurship

Slug
entrepreneurship
Identifier
182

Vocational training

Slug
vocational-training
Identifier
124
Regions:

Africa

Region Image
Countries and territories:

Unlocking the potential of youth in the Southern and Eastern Mediterranean

Unlocking the potential of youth in the Southern and Eastern Mediterranean

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Unlocking the potential of youth in the Southern and Eastern Mediterranean
Language:

English

Slug
english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

Other sources

Experts from many international, regional and national agencies generously share their views, experiences and findings on skills, helping policy-makers among other stakeholders to understand the linkages between education, training and the world of work, and how to integrate skills into national development planning to promote employment and economic growth.

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Identifier
skpOSource
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other-sources
Topics:

Youth employability

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Globally, nearly 68 million young women and men are looking for and available for work,  and an estimated 123 million young people are working but living in poverty. The number who are not in employment, education or training (NEET) stands at 267 million, a majority of whom are young women. Significantly, young people are three times as likely as adults (25 years and older) to be unemployed.

Skills development is a primary means of enabling young people to make a smooth transition to work. A comprehensive approach is required to integrate young women and men in the labour market, including relevant and quality skills training, labour market information, career guidance and employment services, recognition of prior learning, incorporating entrepreneurship with training and effective skills forecasting. Improved basic education and core work skills are particularly important to enable youth to engage in lifelong learning as well as transition to the labour market. 

Identifier
skpYoEmp
Slug
youth-employability
Knowledge Products:

Research papers

Working papers, reports, and other publications from international organizations, academic institutions and bilateral agencies. Research findings to stimulate informed debate on skills, employment and productivity issues. 

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Identifier
skpRPS
Slug
research-papers
Publication Date:
21 Apr 2003
This new ETF study takes status of the outlook for young people in the region and offers reflections for policy directions to improve it. It builds on extensive desk research, interviews with key people, surveys with young people in each of the countries concerned and case studies on Egypt and Jordan.
Subject Tags:

Youth

Slug
youth
Identifier
319
Regions:
Countries and territories: