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Enterprises

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enterprises
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175

Tools for Quality Apprenticeships: a Guide for Enterprises

Tools for Quality Apprenticeships: a Guide for Enterprises

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Document
Content Type:
Tools for Quality Apprenticeships: a Guide for Enterprises
Language:

English

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english
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skpEng
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ILO

The International Labour Organization is the tripartite U.N. agency that promotes Decent Work through employment, social security, labour standards and social dialogue. Its work on skills development is guided by the conceptual framework on Skills to improve productivity, employment growth, and development agreed in 2008 by representatives of Governments, Employers’ Associations and Workers’ Associations. Research, policy advice, and pilot projects and technical cooperation programmes to apply good practices in different circumstances across its 185 member States aims to boost the employability of workers, the productivity and competitiveness of enterprises, and the inclusiveness of economic growth. The ILO Secretariat in offices in 40 countries works with Ministries of Labour, employers’ organizations, and trade unions to integrate skills development into national and sector development strategies in order to better meet current labour market needs and to prepare for the jobs of the future; to expand access to employment-related training so that youth, persons with disabilities and other vulnerable groups are better able to acquire skills and secure productive and decent work; and to improve the ability of public employment services to provide career guidance, maintain labour exchange services, and deliver active labour market programmes.For more information regarding the ILO’s work on skills and employability go to: http://www.ilo.org/skills/lang--en/index.htm; for ILO/Cinterfor's Knowledge Management Plarform, see: http://www.oitcinterfor.org

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skpILO
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ilo

Other sources

Experts from many international, regional and national agencies generously share their views, experiences and findings on skills, helping policy-makers among other stakeholders to understand the linkages between education, training and the world of work, and how to integrate skills into national development planning to promote employment and economic growth.

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Identifier
skpOSource
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other-sources
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Knowledge Products:

Research papers

Working papers, reports, and other publications from international organizations, academic institutions and bilateral agencies. Research findings to stimulate informed debate on skills, employment and productivity issues. 

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skpRPS
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research-papers
Publication Date:
08 Apr 2019
This guide aims to show, through actual examples which are used day in and day out by employers in the real world, how enterprises manage the various processes which need to be undertaken to deliver a successful apprenticeship programme. The aim of this joint ILO and IOE publication is to facilitate enterprises, especially small and medium-sized ones, to design and implement apprenticeship programmes that suit their skills needs. Useful tools to plan and carry out apprenticeships have been developed and tested by many successful companies. The joint research has gathered some of these tools and this publication makes them available.
Subject Tags:

Apprenticeships

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apprenticeships
Identifier
639

Enterprises

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enterprises
Identifier
175

Private sector

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private-sector
Identifier
229
Regions:

Moving out of the bottom of the economy? Constraints to firm transition in the Indian informal manufacturing sector

Moving out of the bottom of the economy? Constraints to firm transition in the Indian informal manufacturing sector

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Moving out of the bottom of the economy? Constraints to firm transition in the Indian informal manufacturing sector
Language:

English

Slug
english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

Other sources

Experts from many international, regional and national agencies generously share their views, experiences and findings on skills, helping policy-makers among other stakeholders to understand the linkages between education, training and the world of work, and how to integrate skills into national development planning to promote employment and economic growth.

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skpOSource
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other-sources
Topics:

Other topic

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skpOIssue
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other-topic
Knowledge Products:

Promotional material

Presentations, discussion papers, meeting reports, promotional materials, videos, fact sheets, brochures and newsletters on skills development for employment.

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skpAIM
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promotional-material
Publication Date:
18 Nov 2016
The predominant type of firms in developing countries is small family firms and the self-employed in the informal sector. Very few family firms make the transition to larger firms employing non-family labour. In this paper, we examine the reasons for the low presence of firms employing non-family labour in the informal sector, using a firm-level data set drawn from nationally representative repeated cross-sectional surveys of the Indian informal manufacturing sector. We find that the key constraint to firm transition is firm capabilities, followed by the level of urbanisation, access to electricity and roads, and human capital, with financial constraints playing a lesser role.

DOI 10.1186/s40175-016-0056-8
Subject Tags:

Enterprises

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enterprises
Identifier
175

Informal economy

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informal-economy
Identifier
187
Regions:
Countries and territories:

Is there a size-induced market failure in skills training?

Is there a size-induced market failure in skills training?

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Is there a size-induced market failure in skills training?
Language:

English

Slug
english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

Other sources

Experts from many international, regional and national agencies generously share their views, experiences and findings on skills, helping policy-makers among other stakeholders to understand the linkages between education, training and the world of work, and how to integrate skills into national development planning to promote employment and economic growth.

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Identifier
skpOSource
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other-sources
Topics:

Access to training

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Access for all to good quality education, vocational training and workplace learning is a fundamental principle of social cohesion and economic growth. Some groups of people may require targeted attention if they are to benefit from education, training and employment opportunities.  

This is particularly the case for disadvantaged youth, lower skilled workers, people with disabilities, and people in rural communities. The attractiveness of vocational education and training is enhanced when combined with entrepreneurship training and when public policies encourage utilization of higher skills by business. 
 

Identifier
skpATSU
Slug
access-to-training
Knowledge Products:

Research papers

Working papers, reports, and other publications from international organizations, academic institutions and bilateral agencies. Research findings to stimulate informed debate on skills, employment and productivity issues. 

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Identifier
skpRPS
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research-papers
Publication Date:
03 Oct 2016
A skilled and educated workforce can support the competitiveness of enterprises of all sizes. However, smaller firms may face greater challenges in developing human capital. This report explores the differences between smaller and larger firms in offering skills training and in hiring workers with more formal education. Drawing on a dataset of enterprises in five Asian countries, the report finds major size-based differences in education and training. While smaller firms train less, they also are less inclined to view an inadequately skilled workforce as a major constraint on their operations. It may be that smaller firms are content to occupy niches in a low-skills equilibrium. The empirical results do offer the possibility, however, that a size-induced market failure in skills training may coexist with a lower regard for skills. The policy implications are not only that governments can reduce the costs for firms to train, but also that micro and small firms need to be sensitized to the benefits of skills upgrading.
Subject Tags:

Access to training

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access-to-training
Identifier
683

Enterprises

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enterprises
Identifier
175

Private sector

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private-sector
Identifier
229

Skills mismatch

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skills-mismatch
Identifier
654

Small enterprises

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small-enterprises
Identifier
181
Regions:

Return on investment of apprenticeship systems for enterprises: Evidence from cost-benefit analyses

Return on investment of apprenticeship systems for enterprises: Evidence from cost-benefit analyses

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Return on investment of apprenticeship systems for enterprises: Evidence from cost-benefit analyses
Language:

English

Slug
english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

Other sources

Experts from many international, regional and national agencies generously share their views, experiences and findings on skills, helping policy-makers among other stakeholders to understand the linkages between education, training and the world of work, and how to integrate skills into national development planning to promote employment and economic growth.

Thumbnail
Identifier
skpOSource
Slug
other-sources
Topics:
Knowledge Products:

Research papers

Working papers, reports, and other publications from international organizations, academic institutions and bilateral agencies. Research findings to stimulate informed debate on skills, employment and productivity issues. 

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Identifier
skpRPS
Slug
research-papers
Publication Date:
29 Sep 2016
EENEE Analytical Report No. 16 Apprenticeship training comes in many different forms. In Europe, many countries have a type of apprenticeship programme that combines education in school and in the workplace. While a portion of apprenticeship models are predominantly school-based and only feature short work placements, other models require apprentices to spend up to 80 per cent of their time with the training firm.

This report discusses the different components of training costs and what types of training benefits a firm can expect, taking into account important external factors that influence the profitability of apprenticeship training and thereby also considering a firm’s training strategy and behaviour.
Subject Tags:

Apprenticeships

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apprenticeships
Identifier
639

Enterprises

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enterprises
Identifier
175

Small enterprises

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small-enterprises
Identifier
181
Regions:

The role of skills and education in predicting micro-enterprise performance

The role of skills and education in predicting micro-enterprise performance

Type:
Document
Content Type:
The role of skills and education in predicting micro-enterprise performance
Language:

English

Slug
english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

Other sources

Experts from many international, regional and national agencies generously share their views, experiences and findings on skills, helping policy-makers among other stakeholders to understand the linkages between education, training and the world of work, and how to integrate skills into national development planning to promote employment and economic growth.

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Identifier
skpOSource
Slug
other-sources
Topics:

Training quality and relevance

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Identifier
skpTrainQR
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training-quality-and-relevance
Knowledge Products:

Research papers

Working papers, reports, and other publications from international organizations, academic institutions and bilateral agencies. Research findings to stimulate informed debate on skills, employment and productivity issues. 

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Identifier
skpRPS
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research-papers
Publication Date:
16 Sep 2016
In light of South Africa’s high levels of unemployment and relatively small informal sector, enabling and supporting growth of small, medium and micro enterprises (SMMEs) in the informal sector is of developmental importance and a policy priority. The associated benefits of SMME growth, such as employment creation, enhancement of economic growth and poverty alleviation, provide further motivation for the prioritisation of this sector.

In view of the developmental importance of SMMEs, the purpose of this paper is to examine the determinants of SMME performance in South Africa. In particular, this paper is interested in the role played by education and skills in driving firm performance. The research objective of this paper is addressed by firstly using direct and indirect measures of skills to generate a human capital profile of SMME owners across both the formal and informal sectors, and secondly by using econometric analysis to examine the factors determining firm performance along two dimensions: financial performance and the ability to access market opportunities. Finally, based on the analysis in this paper and related research, policy guidance concerning skills development initiatives to the SMME sector is provided.
Subject Tags:

Enterprises

Slug
enterprises
Identifier
175

Informal economy

Slug
informal-economy
Identifier
187

Small enterprises

Slug
small-enterprises
Identifier
181
Regions:

Africa

Region Image
Countries and territories:

Cinco hechos: Sobre la capacitación en firma en America Latina y el Caribe

Cinco hechos: Sobre la capacitación en firma en America Latina y el Caribe

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Cinco hechos: Sobre la capacitación en firma en America Latina y el Caribe
Language:

Spanish

Slug
spanish
Identifier
skpEsp
Sources:

Other sources

Experts from many international, regional and national agencies generously share their views, experiences and findings on skills, helping policy-makers among other stakeholders to understand the linkages between education, training and the world of work, and how to integrate skills into national development planning to promote employment and economic growth.

Thumbnail
Identifier
skpOSource
Slug
other-sources
Topics:

Access to training

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Access for all to good quality education, vocational training and workplace learning is a fundamental principle of social cohesion and economic growth. Some groups of people may require targeted attention if they are to benefit from education, training and employment opportunities.  

This is particularly the case for disadvantaged youth, lower skilled workers, people with disabilities, and people in rural communities. The attractiveness of vocational education and training is enhanced when combined with entrepreneurship training and when public policies encourage utilization of higher skills by business. 
 

Identifier
skpATSU
Slug
access-to-training
Knowledge Products:

Research papers

Working papers, reports, and other publications from international organizations, academic institutions and bilateral agencies. Research findings to stimulate informed debate on skills, employment and productivity issues. 

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Identifier
skpRPS
Slug
research-papers
Publication Date:
25 Aug 2016

Este estudio identifica cinco hechos principales sobre la capacitación en firma (CF) en la región de América Latina y el Caribe: 1. La CF incrementa la productividad de las firmas manufactureras más grandes. 2. Al menos una cuarta parte de las firmas formales ofrece capacitación a sus trabajadores. 3. La CF está orientada principalmente a los trabajadores más calificados y en habilidades específicas al oficio. 4. El porcentaje de empresas que usa apoyos públicos para la CF es bajo, en especial en el caso de las firmas pequeñas. 5. La innovación tecnológica y la demanda de personal calificado juegan un rol fundamental en las decisiones de capacitación de las empresas.

Subject Tags:

Enterprises

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enterprises
Identifier
175

Human resources development

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human-resources-development
Identifier
118

Manufacturing

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manufacturing
Identifier
216

Private sector

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private-sector
Identifier
229

Vocational training

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vocational-training
Identifier
124
Regions:

Americas

Region Image

Labour market mismatch and labour productivity

Labour market mismatch and labour productivity

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Labour market mismatch and labour productivity
Language:

English

Slug
english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

International organizations

Information is gathered from other international organizations that promote skills development and the transition from education and training to work. The Interagency Group on Technical and Vocational Education and Training (IAG-TVET) was established in 2009 to share research findings, coordinate joint research endeavours, and improve collaboration among organizations working at the international and national levels.

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Identifier
skpIntOrg
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international-organizations
Topics:

Training quality and relevance

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Identifier
skpTrainQR
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training-quality-and-relevance
Knowledge Products:

Research papers

Working papers, reports, and other publications from international organizations, academic institutions and bilateral agencies. Research findings to stimulate informed debate on skills, employment and productivity issues. 

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Identifier
skpRPS
Slug
research-papers
Publication Date:
22 Aug 2016
This paper explores the link between skill and qualification mismatch and labour productivity using cross-country industry data for 19 OECD countries. Utilising mismatch indicators aggregated from micro-data sourced from the OECD Survey of Adult Skills (PIAAC), the main results suggest that higher skill and qualification mismatch is associated with lower labour productivity, with over-skilling and under-qualification accounting for most of these impacts. A novel result is that higher skill mismatch is associated with lower labour productivity through a less efficient allocation of resources, presumably because when the share of over-skilled workers is higher, more productive firms find it more difficult to attract skilled labour and gain market shares at the expense of less productive firms. At the same time, a higher share of under-qualified workers is associated with both lower allocative efficiency and within-firm productivity – i.e. a lower ratio of high productivity to low productivity firms. While differences in managerial quality can potentially account for the relationship between mismatch and within-firm productivity, the paper offers some preliminary insights into the policy factors that might explain the link between skill mismatch and resource allocation.

DOI: 10.1787/5js1pzx1r2kb-en
Subject Tags:

Enterprises

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enterprises
Identifier
175

Productivity

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productivity
Identifier
188

Skills mismatch

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skills-mismatch
Identifier
654
Regions:

Skills, access to finance, regulatory reform, and ASEAN regional integration: Challenges and policy directions for enterprises

Skills, access to finance, regulatory reform, and ASEAN regional integration: Challenges and policy directions for enterprises

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Skills, access to finance, regulatory reform, and ASEAN regional integration: Challenges and policy directions for enterprises
Language:

English

Slug
english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

Employers' organizations

Employers invest in training in order to improve productivity, innovate and adopt new technologies, and compete in changing markets. Case studies and research from individual employers and associations of employers on the Global KSP deal with apprenticeship and workplace skills provision, quality assurance and governance of training institutions, and employers’ roles in anticipating skill needs and in influencing national and sector policies on skills development.

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Identifier
skpEmp
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employers-organizations
Topics:

Anticipating and matching skills needs

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Anticipating and building skills for the future is essential to a rapidly changing labour market. This applies to changes in the types and levels of skills needed as well as in occupational and technical areas. Effective methods to anticipate future skills needs and avoid potential mismatches include: sustained dialogue between employers and trainers, coordination across government institutions, labour market information systems, employment services and performance reviews of training institutions. 

Identifier
skpAFSN
Slug
anticipating-and-matching-skills-needs

Training quality and relevance

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Identifier
skpTrainQR
Slug
training-quality-and-relevance
Knowledge Products:

Research papers

Working papers, reports, and other publications from international organizations, academic institutions and bilateral agencies. Research findings to stimulate informed debate on skills, employment and productivity issues. 

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Identifier
skpRPS
Slug
research-papers
Publication Date:
17 Aug 2016
Recent studies indicate that a variety of challenges in the business environment hinder further inflow of investment in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic. Lack of skills and limited human resources, limited access to financial services and a discouraging regulatory environment, along with anticipated challenges related to regional economic integration place critical constraints on businesses.

This report summarizes the results of a national enterprise survey; desk reviews on issues which concern enterprises in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic; and findings from consultations with the private sector and key stakeholders. Issues under review include the following:
-skills education and training;
-access to finance;
-the legal and regulatory environment;
-anticipated challenges related to the AEC, or Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Economic Community 2015.
Subject Tags:

Employers

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employers
Identifier
672

Enterprises

Slug
enterprises
Identifier
175

Private sector

Slug
private-sector
Identifier
229

Skills anticipation

Slug
skills-anticipation
Identifier
677

Skills mismatch

Slug
skills-mismatch
Identifier
654
Regions:
Countries and territories:

Eastern partner countries 2016: Assessing the implementation of the small business act for Europe

Eastern partner countries 2016: Assessing the implementation of the small business act for Europe

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Eastern partner countries 2016: Assessing the implementation of the small business act for Europe
Language:

English

Slug
english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

International organizations

Information is gathered from other international organizations that promote skills development and the transition from education and training to work. The Interagency Group on Technical and Vocational Education and Training (IAG-TVET) was established in 2009 to share research findings, coordinate joint research endeavours, and improve collaboration among organizations working at the international and national levels.

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Identifier
skpIntOrg
Slug
international-organizations

Other sources

Experts from many international, regional and national agencies generously share their views, experiences and findings on skills, helping policy-makers among other stakeholders to understand the linkages between education, training and the world of work, and how to integrate skills into national development planning to promote employment and economic growth.

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Identifier
skpOSource
Slug
other-sources
Topics:

Monitoring and evaluation

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Measuring the outcomes of skills systems, policies and targeted programmes is essential in order to monitor and improve their effectiveness and relevance. Elements of sound assessment processes include: institutions to sustain feedback from employers and trainees; mechanisms to track labour market outcomes of training and systems of accountability that use this information; and, quantitative and qualitative labour market information and its dissemination to all stakeholders.

Identifier
skpPolPer
Slug
monitoring-and-evaluation
Knowledge Products:

Research papers

Working papers, reports, and other publications from international organizations, academic institutions and bilateral agencies. Research findings to stimulate informed debate on skills, employment and productivity issues. 

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Identifier
skpRPS
Slug
research-papers
Publication Date:
17 Aug 2016
Dynamic and growth-oriented SMEs integrated into global value chains are key to boosting productivity, innovation and competitiveness. Yet SMEs everywhere continue to be constrained in their access to finance, skills’ level, innovative capacity, access to business support services and opportunities for internationalisation.

The SME Policy Index is a benchmarking tool designed for emerging economies to assess SME policy frameworks and monitor progress in policy implementation over time.

DOI: 10.1787/9789264246249-en
Subject Tags:

Business

Slug
business
Identifier
157

Enterprises

Slug
enterprises
Identifier
175

Private sector

Slug
private-sector
Identifier
229

Small enterprises

Slug
small-enterprises
Identifier
181
Regions:

Skills training by small and medium-sized enterprises: Innovative cases and the consortium approach in the Republic of Korea

Skills training by small and medium-sized enterprises: Innovative cases and the consortium approach in the Republic of Korea

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Skills training by small and medium-sized enterprises: Innovative cases and the consortium approach in the Republic of Korea
Language:

English

Slug
english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

Other sources

Experts from many international, regional and national agencies generously share their views, experiences and findings on skills, helping policy-makers among other stakeholders to understand the linkages between education, training and the world of work, and how to integrate skills into national development planning to promote employment and economic growth.

Thumbnail
Identifier
skpOSource
Slug
other-sources
Topics:

Training quality and relevance

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Identifier
skpTrainQR
Slug
training-quality-and-relevance
Knowledge Products:

Research papers

Working papers, reports, and other publications from international organizations, academic institutions and bilateral agencies. Research findings to stimulate informed debate on skills, employment and productivity issues. 

Thumbnail
Identifier
skpRPS
Slug
research-papers
Publication Date:
19 Jul 2016
This paper presents targeted government policies for promoting training in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to increase their contributions to economic development. It first discusses the role of SMEs in country development and the special challenges facing SMEs in developing human resources. It then surveys some innovative, targeted policies for promoting training by SMEs in Asia and Latin America. The paper elaborates on the objectives and achievements of a successful targeted SME training policy, the SME Training Consortiums Program in the Republic of Korea, as a best practice. This paper concludes with some cautionary remarks for developing countries seeking to adopt targeted SME training policies.
Subject Tags:

Enterprises

Slug
enterprises
Identifier
175

Private sector

Slug
private-sector
Identifier
229

Small enterprises

Slug
small-enterprises
Identifier
181
Regions:
Countries and territories: