Más habilidades para el trabajo y la vida: los aportes de la familia, la escuela, el entorno y el mundo laboral
Más habilidades para el trabajo y la vida: los aportes de la familia, la escuela, el entorno y el mundo laboral
The International Labour Organization is the tripartite U.N. agency that promotes Decent Work through employment, social security, labour standards and social dialogue. Its work on skills development is guided by the conceptual framework on Skills to improve productivity, employment growth, and development agreed in 2008 by representatives of Governments, Employers’ Associations and Workers’ Associations. Research, policy advice, and pilot projects and technical cooperation programmes to apply good practices in different circumstances across its 185 member States aims to boost the employability of workers, the productivity and competitiveness of enterprises, and the inclusiveness of economic growth. The ILO Secretariat in offices in 40 countries works with Ministries of Labour, employers’ organizations, and trade unions to integrate skills development into national and sector development strategies in order to better meet current labour market needs and to prepare for the jobs of the future; to expand access to employment-related training so that youth, persons with disabilities and other vulnerable groups are better able to acquire skills and secure productive and decent work; and to improve the ability of public employment services to provide career guidance, maintain labour exchange services, and deliver active labour market programmes.For more information regarding the ILO’s work on skills and employability go to: http://www.ilo.org/skills/lang--en/index.htm; for ILO/Cinterfor's Knowledge Management Plarform, see: http://www.oitcinterfor.org
Access for all to good quality education, vocational training and workplace learning is a fundamental principle of social cohesion and economic growth. Some groups of people may require targeted attention if they are to benefit from education, training and employment opportunities.
This is particularly the case for disadvantaged youth, lower skilled workers, people with disabilities, and people in rural communities. The attractiveness of vocational education and training is enhanced when combined with entrepreneurship training and when public policies encourage utilization of higher skills by business.
Anticipating and building skills for the future is essential to a rapidly changing labour market. This applies to changes in the types and levels of skills needed as well as in occupational and technical areas. Effective methods to anticipate future skills needs and avoid potential mismatches include: sustained dialogue between employers and trainers, coordination across government institutions, labour market information systems, employment services and performance reviews of training institutions.
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There is a critical need for a greater overall investment in education and training, particularly in developing countries. Education and training investments should be closely linked to economic and employment growth strategies and programmes. Responsibility should be shared between the government (primary responsibility), enterprises, the social partners, and the individual. To make lifelong learning for all a reality, countries will need to make major reforms of their vocational and education and training systems. School-to-work schemes for young people should integrate education with workplace learning. Training systems need to become more flexible and responsive to rapidly changing skill requirements. Reforms should also focus on how learning can be facilitated, not just on training for specific occupational categories.
Working papers, reports, and other publications from international organizations, academic institutions and bilateral agencies. Research findings to stimulate informed debate on skills, employment and productivity issues.
Reporte de Economía y Desarrollo (RED) 2016 de CAF - banco de desarrollo de América Latina
Las habilidades son el sostén del capital humano. Son las capacidades con las que cuenta una persona para resolver de manera eficaz distintos problemas, y no solo incluyen el conocimiento o el razonamiento abstracto, sino también aspectos de la personalidad, creencias y hasta destrezas físicas. Este reporte muestra que tener más habilidades implica un trabajo de mejor calidad y ser más productivo, contar con mejor estado de salud física y mental, participar más activamente en la vida cívica, completar más años de educación, sentir mayor satisfacción con la propia vida, entre otros aspectos del bienestar personal. Este reporte destaca también que, a diferencia del capital humano medido por años de educación, las habilidades para el trabajo y la vida no solo se forman en las instituciones educativas. La familia, el entorno físico y social (por ejemplo, el barrio o comunidad) y el mundo laboral son también ámbitos de crucial importancia en la acumulación de habilidades.
