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Lifelong learning

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lifelong-learning
Identifier
400

Growing old in an older Brazil: Implications of population aging on growth, poverty, public finance and service delivery

Growing old in an older Brazil: Implications of population aging on growth, poverty, public finance and service delivery

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Growing old in an older Brazil: Implications of population aging on growth, poverty, public finance and service delivery
Language:

English

Slug
english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

Information is gathered from other international organizations that promote skills development and the transition from education and training to work. The Interagency Group on Technical and Vocational Education and Training (IAG-TVET) was established in 2009 to share research findings, coordinate joint research endeavours, and improve collaboration among organizations working at the international and national levels.

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skpIntOrg
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international-organizations
Topics:

Older workers

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Access for all to good quality education, vocational training and workplace learning is a fundamental principle of social cohesion and economic growth. Some groups of people may require targeted attention if they are to benefit from education, training and employment opportunities.

This is particularly the case for disadvantaged youth, lower skilled workers, people with disabilities, and people in rural communities. The attractiveness of vocational education and training is enhanced when combined with entrepreneurship training and when public policies encourage utilization of higher skills by business.

Identifier
skpOldwor
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older-workers
Knowledge Products:

Research papers

Working papers, reports, and other publications from international organizations, academic institutions and bilateral agencies. Research findings to stimulate informed debate on skills, employment and productivity issues. 

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Identifier
skpRPS
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research-papers
Publication Date:
03 Apr 2013
The report addresses population aging in Brazil and its implications for the labor market. Chapter 5, Productivity and Education, focuses on issues related to the age-productivity profile, opportunities to improve education and training investments, and the wage-productivity gap. It finds that the consequences of population aging are that (1) the working-age population is becoming smaller and (2) the share of the most productive individuals within the labor force is also becoming smaller. Hence, if overall production output is to be maintained, some measures or interventions are needed to increase labor force participation and productivity.
The chapter discusses (1) the effect of age on labor force productivity and consequently on productivity growth; (2) how improvements in education and on-the-job training could reverse the trend of declining age-productivity effects, with a description of Brazil’s efforts in these areas; (3) how differences between age-productivity and age-wage profiles could damage the firms’ competitiveness; and (4) evidence of the effect of the aging labor force on firms’ productivity among Brazilian industrial firms.
Subject Tags:

Lifelong learning

Slug
lifelong-learning
Identifier
400

Older workers

Slug
older-workers
Identifier
682

Productivity

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productivity
Identifier
188

Skills re-training

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skills-re-training
Identifier
655
Regions:

Americas

Region Image
Countries and territories:

From red to gray: The third transition of aging populations in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union

From red to gray: The third transition of aging populations in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union

Type:
Document
Content Type:
From red to gray: The third transition of aging populations in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union
Language:

English

Slug
english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

Information is gathered from other international organizations that promote skills development and the transition from education and training to work. The Interagency Group on Technical and Vocational Education and Training (IAG-TVET) was established in 2009 to share research findings, coordinate joint research endeavours, and improve collaboration among organizations working at the international and national levels.

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Identifier
skpIntOrg
Slug
international-organizations
Topics:

Older workers

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Access for all to good quality education, vocational training and workplace learning is a fundamental principle of social cohesion and economic growth. Some groups of people may require targeted attention if they are to benefit from education, training and employment opportunities.

This is particularly the case for disadvantaged youth, lower skilled workers, people with disabilities, and people in rural communities. The attractiveness of vocational education and training is enhanced when combined with entrepreneurship training and when public policies encourage utilization of higher skills by business.

Identifier
skpOldwor
Slug
older-workers
Knowledge Products:

Research papers

Working papers, reports, and other publications from international organizations, academic institutions and bilateral agencies. Research findings to stimulate informed debate on skills, employment and productivity issues. 

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Identifier
skpRPS
Slug
research-papers
Publication Date:
03 Apr 2013
The report focuses on the challenges that the aging countries of Central, South-Eastern, and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union are experiencing as a result of a political, economic and demographic transition.

The report finds that some of the concerns about aging in Eastern European and Former Soviet countries are probably misplaced and growth is unlikely to be significantly lowered by dwindling labor forces—if policies that promote greater labor force participation and, especially, greater labor productivity are adopted. The paper argues that the greatest positive impact can come from a combination of three factors:
• creating a business environment conducive to enterprise restructuring and innovation;
• investing in measures such as lifelong learning and flexible retraining programs to increase the productivity and employment of aging workers;
• bringing hitherto idle youth and adults into the workplace, and allowing migration of workers from the “younger” countries in and around the region.
Subject Tags:

Lifelong learning

Slug
lifelong-learning
Identifier
400

Older workers

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older-workers
Identifier
682

Productivity

Slug
productivity
Identifier
188

Skills re-training

Slug
skills-re-training
Identifier
655
Regions:

Turkey: Life-Long Learning Strategy Document and Action Plan 2009

Turkey: Life-Long Learning Strategy Document and Action Plan 2009

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Turkey: Life-Long Learning Strategy Document and Action Plan 2009
Language:

English

Slug
english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

Governments

Governments hold a wealth of knowledge on skills development, and are increasingly realizing the value of learning from each others’ experiences. Their policy documents, programme evaluations, and research findings contain their experience and ideas on how to better link skills to employment

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Identifier
skpGov
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governments
Topics:

Access to training

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Access for all to good quality education, vocational training and workplace learning is a fundamental principle of social cohesion and economic growth. Some groups of people may require targeted attention if they are to benefit from education, training and employment opportunities.  

This is particularly the case for disadvantaged youth, lower skilled workers, people with disabilities, and people in rural communities. The attractiveness of vocational education and training is enhanced when combined with entrepreneurship training and when public policies encourage utilization of higher skills by business. 
 

Identifier
skpATSU
Slug
access-to-training

Lifelong learning

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There is a critical need for a greater overall investment in education and training, particularly in developing countries. Education and training investments should be closely linked to economic and employment growth strategies and programmes. Responsibility should be shared between the government (primary responsibility), enterprises, the social partners, and the individual. To make lifelong learning for all a reality, countries will need to make major reforms of their vocational and education and training systems. School-to-work schemes for young people should integrate education with workplace learning. Training systems need to become more flexible and responsive to rapidly changing skill requirements. Reforms should also focus on how learning can be facilitated, not just on training for specific occupational categories.

Identifier
skpPSLLL
Slug
lifelong-learning

Older workers

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Access for all to good quality education, vocational training and workplace learning is a fundamental principle of social cohesion and economic growth. Some groups of people may require targeted attention if they are to benefit from education, training and employment opportunities.

This is particularly the case for disadvantaged youth, lower skilled workers, people with disabilities, and people in rural communities. The attractiveness of vocational education and training is enhanced when combined with entrepreneurship training and when public policies encourage utilization of higher skills by business.

Identifier
skpOldwor
Slug
older-workers
Knowledge Products:

National policies and initiatives

National legislation, policies and initiatives on the issue of training and skills development and the world of work. 

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Identifier
skpNatPol
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national-policies-and-initiatives
Publication Date:
02 Apr 2013
“Lifelong Learning Strategy Paper” aims to establish a lifelong learning system that can respond to the needs and expectations of the society in Turkey and to bring this system to a functional and sustainable status.
The document identifies sixteen priorities, all falling under the general goal of “Facilitating access to quality learning through strengthening lifelong learning infrastructure”. In addition to identification of the current situation in Turkey, the paper provides recommendations in the direction of Turkish policies regarding each priority area.
Subject Tags:

Employability

Slug
employability
Identifier
643

Lifelong learning

Slug
lifelong-learning
Identifier
400

Older workers

Slug
older-workers
Identifier
682

Vocational training

Slug
vocational-training
Identifier
124
Regions:
Countries and territories:

Denmark’s strategy for lifelong learning: Education and lifelong skills upgrading for all

Denmark’s strategy for lifelong learning: Education and lifelong skills upgrading for all

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Denmark’s strategy for lifelong learning: Education and lifelong skills upgrading for all
Language:

English

Slug
english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

Governments

Governments hold a wealth of knowledge on skills development, and are increasingly realizing the value of learning from each others’ experiences. Their policy documents, programme evaluations, and research findings contain their experience and ideas on how to better link skills to employment

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Identifier
skpGov
Slug
governments
Topics:

Lifelong learning

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There is a critical need for a greater overall investment in education and training, particularly in developing countries. Education and training investments should be closely linked to economic and employment growth strategies and programmes. Responsibility should be shared between the government (primary responsibility), enterprises, the social partners, and the individual. To make lifelong learning for all a reality, countries will need to make major reforms of their vocational and education and training systems. School-to-work schemes for young people should integrate education with workplace learning. Training systems need to become more flexible and responsive to rapidly changing skill requirements. Reforms should also focus on how learning can be facilitated, not just on training for specific occupational categories.

Identifier
skpPSLLL
Slug
lifelong-learning
Knowledge Products:

National policies and initiatives

National legislation, policies and initiatives on the issue of training and skills development and the world of work. 

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Identifier
skpNatPol
Slug
national-policies-and-initiatives
Publication Date:
28 Mar 2013
Report to the European Commission, April 2007 This report presents Denmark’s strategy for lifelong learning. The strategy covers the development of all forms of education, learning and lifelong skills upgrading for all – in the education system, in adult education and continuing training, at work and in the many other settings in which people learn and develop their knowledge, skills and competences.
Subject Tags:

Employability

Slug
employability
Identifier
643

Human resources development

Slug
human-resources-development
Identifier
118

Lifelong learning

Slug
lifelong-learning
Identifier
400

Skills upgrading

Slug
skills-upgrading
Identifier
657

Vocational training

Slug
vocational-training
Identifier
124
Regions:
Countries and territories:

Estonia: Lifelong Learning Strategy 2005–2008

Estonia: Lifelong Learning Strategy 2005–2008

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Estonia: Lifelong Learning Strategy 2005–2008
Language:

English

Slug
english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

Governments

Governments hold a wealth of knowledge on skills development, and are increasingly realizing the value of learning from each others’ experiences. Their policy documents, programme evaluations, and research findings contain their experience and ideas on how to better link skills to employment

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Identifier
skpGov
Slug
governments
Topics:

Lifelong learning

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There is a critical need for a greater overall investment in education and training, particularly in developing countries. Education and training investments should be closely linked to economic and employment growth strategies and programmes. Responsibility should be shared between the government (primary responsibility), enterprises, the social partners, and the individual. To make lifelong learning for all a reality, countries will need to make major reforms of their vocational and education and training systems. School-to-work schemes for young people should integrate education with workplace learning. Training systems need to become more flexible and responsive to rapidly changing skill requirements. Reforms should also focus on how learning can be facilitated, not just on training for specific occupational categories.

Identifier
skpPSLLL
Slug
lifelong-learning
Knowledge Products:

National policies and initiatives

National legislation, policies and initiatives on the issue of training and skills development and the world of work. 

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Identifier
skpNatPol
Slug
national-policies-and-initiatives
Publication Date:
28 Mar 2013
The Strategy aims to raise the opportunities and motivation of Estonian population to participate in formal, non-formal and informal training with the purpose of improving their knowledge and skills. Some of its specific objectives are:

• to enhance motivation for learning of all target groups, in particular of those groups whose access to study opportunities is limited;
• to improve the competitiveness of Estonia and its population;
• to achieve sustainable economic development;
• to achieve strategic aims in education and training set by the European Council for the year 2010 i.e. ensuring of quality, accessibility and openness of education.
Subject Tags:

Employability

Slug
employability
Identifier
643

Human resources development

Slug
human-resources-development
Identifier
118

Lifelong learning

Slug
lifelong-learning
Identifier
400

Vocational training

Slug
vocational-training
Identifier
124
Regions:
Countries and territories:

The Strategy of Lifelong Learning in the Czech Republic

The Strategy of Lifelong Learning in the Czech Republic

Type:
Document
Content Type:
The Strategy of Lifelong Learning in the Czech Republic
Language:

English

Slug
english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

Governments

Governments hold a wealth of knowledge on skills development, and are increasingly realizing the value of learning from each others’ experiences. Their policy documents, programme evaluations, and research findings contain their experience and ideas on how to better link skills to employment

Thumbnail
Identifier
skpGov
Slug
governments
Topics:

Lifelong learning

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There is a critical need for a greater overall investment in education and training, particularly in developing countries. Education and training investments should be closely linked to economic and employment growth strategies and programmes. Responsibility should be shared between the government (primary responsibility), enterprises, the social partners, and the individual. To make lifelong learning for all a reality, countries will need to make major reforms of their vocational and education and training systems. School-to-work schemes for young people should integrate education with workplace learning. Training systems need to become more flexible and responsive to rapidly changing skill requirements. Reforms should also focus on how learning can be facilitated, not just on training for specific occupational categories.

Identifier
skpPSLLL
Slug
lifelong-learning
Knowledge Products:

National policies and initiatives

National legislation, policies and initiatives on the issue of training and skills development and the world of work. 

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Identifier
skpNatPol
Slug
national-policies-and-initiatives
Publication Date:
28 Mar 2013
The Strategy of Lifelong Learning in the Czech Republic is based on analysis of the basic strategic documents of the CR and the EU, which are related to or directly concerned with the aspects of lifelong learning from various points of view. It is envisioned as a fundamental program document in the area of lifelong learning for 2001 – 2015 in the CR.
Subject Tags:

Employability

Slug
employability
Identifier
643

Human resources development

Slug
human-resources-development
Identifier
118

Lifelong learning

Slug
lifelong-learning
Identifier
400

Vocational training

Slug
vocational-training
Identifier
124
Regions:
Countries and territories:

Australian Qualifications Framework

Australian Qualifications Framework

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Australian Qualifications Framework
Language:

English

Slug
english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

Governments

Governments hold a wealth of knowledge on skills development, and are increasingly realizing the value of learning from each others’ experiences. Their policy documents, programme evaluations, and research findings contain their experience and ideas on how to better link skills to employment

Thumbnail
Identifier
skpGov
Slug
governments
Topics:

Lifelong learning

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There is a critical need for a greater overall investment in education and training, particularly in developing countries. Education and training investments should be closely linked to economic and employment growth strategies and programmes. Responsibility should be shared between the government (primary responsibility), enterprises, the social partners, and the individual. To make lifelong learning for all a reality, countries will need to make major reforms of their vocational and education and training systems. School-to-work schemes for young people should integrate education with workplace learning. Training systems need to become more flexible and responsive to rapidly changing skill requirements. Reforms should also focus on how learning can be facilitated, not just on training for specific occupational categories.

Identifier
skpPSLLL
Slug
lifelong-learning

Training quality and relevance

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Identifier
skpTrainQR
Slug
training-quality-and-relevance
Knowledge Products:

National policies and initiatives

National legislation, policies and initiatives on the issue of training and skills development and the world of work. 

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Identifier
skpNatPol
Slug
national-policies-and-initiatives
Publication Date:
27 Mar 2013
Second Edition January 2013 The Australian Qualifications Framework (AQF) is the national policy for regulated qualifications in Australian education and training. It incorporates the qualifications from each education and training sector into a single comprehensive national qualifications framework.

The objectives of the AQF are to provide a contemporary and flexible framework that:
• accommodates the diversity of purposes of Australian education and training;
• contributes to national economic performance by supporting contemporary, relevant and nationally consistent qualification outcomes which build confidence in qualifications;
• supports the development and maintenance of pathways which provide access to qualifications and assist people to move easily and readily between different education and training sectors and between those sectors and the labour market;
• supports individuals’ lifelong learning goals by providing the basis for individuals to progress through education and training and gain recognition for their prior learning and experiences;
• underpins national regulatory and quality assurance arrangements for education and training;
• supports and enhances the national and international mobility of graduates and workers through increased recognition of the value and comparability of Australian qualifications;
• enables the alignment of the AQF with international qualifications frameworks.
Subject Tags:

Industry skills councils

Slug
industry-skills-councils
Identifier
646

Lifelong learning

Slug
lifelong-learning
Identifier
400

Skills recognition

Slug
skills-recognition
Identifier
656
Regions:
Countries and territories:

Taxes and investment in skills

Taxes and investment in skills

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Taxes and investment in skills
Language:

English

Slug
english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

Information is gathered from other international organizations that promote skills development and the transition from education and training to work. The Interagency Group on Technical and Vocational Education and Training (IAG-TVET) was established in 2009 to share research findings, coordinate joint research endeavours, and improve collaboration among organizations working at the international and national levels.

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Identifier
skpIntOrg
Slug
international-organizations
Topics:

Financing of training

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Initial education and training and lifelong learning benefit individuals, employers and society as a whole. Economic principles dictate that the costs for services with public and private benefits should be shared between public and private funding, or else too little training will be provided or taken up. Effective mechanisms for financing skills development vary according to countries’ economic and political circumstances and the degree and level of social dialogue established.

Identifier
skpFinanT
Slug
financing-training
Knowledge Products:

Research papers

Working papers, reports, and other publications from international organizations, academic institutions and bilateral agencies. Research findings to stimulate informed debate on skills, employment and productivity issues. 

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Identifier
skpRPS
Slug
research-papers
Publication Date:
20 Mar 2013
OECD Taxation Working Papers, No. 13 This paper considers the influence of taxes on the financial incentive to invest in human capital and explores the tax treatment of private investment by individuals and employers in post-compulsory education and lifelong learning in 31 OECD countries, India and South Africa. The paper describes targeted personal, corporate and value added tax measures related to education and training and analyses them in terms of their impacts on the incentive to acquire skills and their distributional effects. The desirability of different forms of tax relief for skills formation is examined from the point of view of efficiency, equity and administrative simplicity within the broader context of fiscal policy and the role of government in skills formation beyond compulsory education.
Subject Tags:

Financing training

Slug
financing-training
Identifier
673

Human resources development

Slug
human-resources-development
Identifier
118

Lifelong learning

Slug
lifelong-learning
Identifier
400

Vocational training

Slug
vocational-training
Identifier
124
Regions:

Job-related training and benefits for individuals: A review of evidence and explanations

Job-related training and benefits for individuals: A review of evidence and explanations

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Job-related training and benefits for individuals: A review of evidence and explanations
Language:

English

Slug
english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

Information is gathered from other international organizations that promote skills development and the transition from education and training to work. The Interagency Group on Technical and Vocational Education and Training (IAG-TVET) was established in 2009 to share research findings, coordinate joint research endeavours, and improve collaboration among organizations working at the international and national levels.

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Identifier
skpIntOrg
Slug
international-organizations
Topics:

Financing of training

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Initial education and training and lifelong learning benefit individuals, employers and society as a whole. Economic principles dictate that the costs for services with public and private benefits should be shared between public and private funding, or else too little training will be provided or taken up. Effective mechanisms for financing skills development vary according to countries’ economic and political circumstances and the degree and level of social dialogue established.

Identifier
skpFinanT
Slug
financing-training

Lifelong learning

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There is a critical need for a greater overall investment in education and training, particularly in developing countries. Education and training investments should be closely linked to economic and employment growth strategies and programmes. Responsibility should be shared between the government (primary responsibility), enterprises, the social partners, and the individual. To make lifelong learning for all a reality, countries will need to make major reforms of their vocational and education and training systems. School-to-work schemes for young people should integrate education with workplace learning. Training systems need to become more flexible and responsive to rapidly changing skill requirements. Reforms should also focus on how learning can be facilitated, not just on training for specific occupational categories.

Identifier
skpPSLLL
Slug
lifelong-learning
Knowledge Products:

Research papers

Working papers, reports, and other publications from international organizations, academic institutions and bilateral agencies. Research findings to stimulate informed debate on skills, employment and productivity issues. 

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Identifier
skpRPS
Slug
research-papers
Publication Date:
20 Mar 2013
OECD Education Working Papers, No. 19 This paper reviews the literature on job-related training and the effects of these investments for different groups of individuals. The paper also elaborates on the theories, empirical explanations, and policy implications that can be drawn from these findings. Employer-provided training is by far the most important source of further education and training after an individual enters the labour market. A substantial portion of these human capital investments are financed by firms and it appears that the contribution by individuals are in most circumstances relatively modest. At the same time, substantial gains for individuals participating in training are documented in a large number of studies. The benefits are not only confined to wage returns as research has also shown that training leads to increased internal employability and job-security; and external labour market effects such as higher labour participation rates, lower unemployment, and shorter unemployment periods.
Training is not equally distributed among employees. Older, low skilled workers, and to some extent female workers typically receive less training than other groups of employees. However, we do not find any clear-cut evidence that returns to training varies with gender, educational or skills levels, which suggests that inequalities do not arise because of differences in returns to training, but are more a consequence of inequalities of the distribution of training investments.
The findings of this review further suggest that the returns to training are higher in the case that it is financed by the employer and that the returns to training are substantially higher for those leaving for a new employer. Employer-financed training appears, however, to lower the probability of an individual leaving for a new job elsewhere. The analysis of the distribution of returns to training reveals that although individuals benefit from these investments, the employer reaps most of the returns to training which suggests that the productivity effects are substantially larger than wage effects.
Subject Tags:

Employability

Slug
employability
Identifier
643

Financing training

Slug
financing-training
Identifier
673

Lifelong learning

Slug
lifelong-learning
Identifier
400

Vocational training

Slug
vocational-training
Identifier
124
Regions:

Subsidies and levies as policy instruments to encourage employer-provided training

Subsidies and levies as policy instruments to encourage employer-provided training

Type:
Document
Content Type:
Subsidies and levies as policy instruments to encourage employer-provided training
Language:

English

Slug
english
Identifier
skpEng
Sources:

Information is gathered from other international organizations that promote skills development and the transition from education and training to work. The Interagency Group on Technical and Vocational Education and Training (IAG-TVET) was established in 2009 to share research findings, coordinate joint research endeavours, and improve collaboration among organizations working at the international and national levels.

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Identifier
skpIntOrg
Slug
international-organizations
Topics:

Financing of training

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Initial education and training and lifelong learning benefit individuals, employers and society as a whole. Economic principles dictate that the costs for services with public and private benefits should be shared between public and private funding, or else too little training will be provided or taken up. Effective mechanisms for financing skills development vary according to countries’ economic and political circumstances and the degree and level of social dialogue established.

Identifier
skpFinanT
Slug
financing-training

Participation of employers' and workers' organizations

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The world of learning and the world of work are separate but linked. While one involves learning, the other produces goods and services. Neither can thrive without the other. Strong partnerships between government, employers and workers help ensure the relevance of training to the changing needs of enterprises and labour markets. 

Identifier
skpPSP
Slug
participation-of-employers-and-workers-organizations
Knowledge Products:

Research papers

Working papers, reports, and other publications from international organizations, academic institutions and bilateral agencies. Research findings to stimulate informed debate on skills, employment and productivity issues. 

Thumbnail
Identifier
skpRPS
Slug
research-papers
Publication Date:
20 Mar 2013
OECD Education Working Papers, No. 80 This paper provides an overview of the available information concerning selected policy instruments intended to promote employer-provided training, including the stated rationale and objectives, the target groups and operational design as well as a at a summary of the evaluative evidence regarding their operation. The analysis focuses on policy instruments providing financial assistance or incentives, specifically, subsidies (including tax incentives and grants) and levy schemes that devote a least some share of their resources to continuing training. Training leave regulations are considered only to the extent that they can be treated as a form of subsidy or a levy scheme, depending on the main financing mechanism involved. Instruments that focus solely on improving the quality of training or enhancing transparency in the training market are not addressed. In addition to offering a description of different instruments, the paper discusses the strengths and weaknesses (or risks and opportunities, respectively) of different types of instrument or particular elements of instrument design. It also specifies principles of successful instrument design that have been put forth in the literature and concludes with some remarks regarding the choice of policies.
Subject Tags:

Financing training

Slug
financing-training
Identifier
673

Lifelong learning

Slug
lifelong-learning
Identifier
400

Vocational training

Slug
vocational-training
Identifier
124
Regions: