In recent years, Brazil, the Russian Federation, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS) have transformed the world map of education, bringing millions into school, establishing centres of worldclass learning, driving innovation, and sharing expertise and knowledge. However, educational deprivation persists, weakening growth prospects and social cohesion. Wide and often widening social inequalities in BRICS are reflected in inequalities at all levels of education. The persistence of educational deprivation leaves a large share of youth and adults with few skills, weakening their employment prospects, especially in higher-productivity sectors that offer better salaries. At the same time, sectors with potential for growth may suffer a shortage of workers mastering technical and vocational skills or more general, transferable skills. Both deficits constrain economic growth and efforts to reduce poverty. Achieving equitable economic growth and sustainable development will thus require further investment in education, with three broad policy priorities: basic education, higher education and skills development.

This report analyses education and skills development policies in BRICS, highlighting possible areas for cooperation. Chapter 1 compares education systems, covering key statistical indicators, governance and financing mechanisms, and national plans and policies. Chapter 2 reviews skills development policies, analysing national strategies and qualifications frameworks, and detailing reforms of technical and vocational education and training. Chapter 3 outlines BRICS engagement in development cooperation, which has a different pattern from official development assistance provided by OECD donors. Chapter 4 reflects on cooperation in education and skills development, among BRICS and between BRICS and other developing countries.