Normes et déclarations de l’OIT relatives à l’égalité entre les genres
French
ILO
The International Labour Organization is the tripartite U.N. agency that promotes Decent Work through employment, social security, labour standards and social dialogue. Its work on skills development is guided by the conceptual framework on Skills to improve productivity, employment growth, and development agreed in 2008 by representatives of Governments, Employers’ Associations and Workers’ Associations. Research, policy advice, and pilot projects and technical cooperation programmes to apply good practices in different circumstances across its 185 member States aims to boost the employability of workers, the productivity and competitiveness of enterprises, and the inclusiveness of economic growth. The ILO Secretariat in offices in 40 countries works with Ministries of Labour, employers’ organizations, and trade unions to integrate skills development into national and sector development strategies in order to better meet current labour market needs and to prepare for the jobs of the future; to expand access to employment-related training so that youth, persons with disabilities and other vulnerable groups are better able to acquire skills and secure productive and decent work; and to improve the ability of public employment services to provide career guidance, maintain labour exchange services, and deliver active labour market programmes.For more information regarding the ILO’s work on skills and employability go to: http://www.ilo.org/skills/lang--en/index.htm; for ILO/Cinterfor's Knowledge Management Plarform, see: http://www.oitcinterfor.org
Gender equality
Women represent both half of the world's population – and half the world's economic potential. Their participation in the labour market reduces poverty because they often invest 90 per cent of their income in the well-being, education and nutrition of their families. Yet labour force participation by women has stagnated at about 55 per cent globally since 2010. Moreover, women are disproportionately represented in precarious work – low-paid, low-skilled and insecure jobs.
Training plays an important role in the pursuit of equality of opportunity and treatment for women and men in the world of work. Yet women often lack access to technical and vocational education and training. Many also lack the basic functional skills, such as literacy and numeracy, to participate meaningfully in the work force. Overcoming this challenge requires the adoption of a life-cycle approach. This includes improving girls’ access to basic education; overcoming logistic, economic and cultural barriers to apprenticeships and to secondary and vocational training for young women; and meeting the training needs of women re-entering the labour market and of older women who have not had equal access to opportunities for lifelong learning.
Other topic
International standards
International conventions and recommendations and other international instruments on human resource and skills development. Strategy papers on the practical application of international standards from international organizations covering issues related to training, effective utilization and development of skills, and on linking skills to employment.
Les normes internationales sur le travail constituent l’un des principaux moyens d’action de l’OIT pour améliorer les conditions de travail et de vie des femmes et des hommes et favoriser l’égalité de tous les travailleurs sur le lieu de travail.
Les quatre principales Conventions de l’OIT relatives à l’égalité entre les genres sont : la Convention (n° 100) sur l'égalité de rémunération, 1951, la Convention (n° 111) concernant la discrimination (emploi et profession), 1958, la Convention (n° 156) sur les travailleurs ayant des responsabilités familiales, 1981, la Convention (n° 183) sur la protection de la maternité, 2000. Les Conventions 100 et 111 font également partie des huit Conventions fondamentales de la Déclaration de l’OIT relative aux principes et droits fondamentaux au travail. Les autres instruments de l'OIT relatifs à ce thème comprennent la Convention (n° 175) sur le travail à temps partiel, 1994, la Convention (n° 177) sur le travail à domicile, 1996, la Convention (n° 182) sur les pires formes de travail des enfants, 1999, la Déclaration de 1975 sur l'égalité des chances et de traitement pour les travailleuses, la Déclaration relative aux principes et droits fondamentaux au travail (1998) et la Recommandation (n° 202) sur les socles de protection sociale, 2012.