The comparative study demonstrates that many cities are already working to foster and promote entrepreneurship education. The survey notes that the majority of these have implemented a strategic or guiding document focusing on entrepreneurship policy, as well as monitoring instruments or tools to evaluate their entrepreneurial work. Most also provide local start-ups with financial support, services and policies, and offer skills development and reskilling programmes to all citizens seeking employment, especially those from disadvantaged groups (e.g. people living in deprived neighbourhoods, school drop-outs and the unemployed).

Finally, the study highlights the fact that city-level entrepreneurship initiatives have been implemented in different ways by different municipal authorities. If, however, we are to achieve real progress and build effective entrepreneurial learning cities, there is an urgent need for policy dialogue and the sharing of best practices among cities around the world.