Los jóvenes y la COVID-19: Efectos en los empleos, los derechos y el bienestar mental
Spanish
ILO
The International Labour Organization is the tripartite U.N. agency that promotes Decent Work through employment, social security, labour standards and social dialogue. Its work on skills development is guided by the conceptual framework on Skills to improve productivity, employment growth, and development agreed in 2008 by representatives of Governments, Employers’ Associations and Workers’ Associations. Research, policy advice, and pilot projects and technical cooperation programmes to apply good practices in different circumstances across its 185 member States aims to boost the employability of workers, the productivity and competitiveness of enterprises, and the inclusiveness of economic growth. The ILO Secretariat in offices in 40 countries works with Ministries of Labour, employers’ organizations, and trade unions to integrate skills development into national and sector development strategies in order to better meet current labour market needs and to prepare for the jobs of the future; to expand access to employment-related training so that youth, persons with disabilities and other vulnerable groups are better able to acquire skills and secure productive and decent work; and to improve the ability of public employment services to provide career guidance, maintain labour exchange services, and deliver active labour market programmes.For more information regarding the ILO’s work on skills and employability go to: http://www.ilo.org/skills/lang--en/index.htm; for ILO/Cinterfor's Knowledge Management Plarform, see: http://www.oitcinterfor.org
Other sources
Experts from many international, regional and national agencies generously share their views, experiences and findings on skills, helping policy-makers among other stakeholders to understand the linkages between education, training and the world of work, and how to integrate skills into national development planning to promote employment and economic growth.
Access to training
Access for all to good quality education, vocational training and workplace learning is a fundamental principle of social cohesion and economic growth. Some groups of people may require targeted attention if they are to benefit from education, training and employment opportunities.
This is particularly the case for disadvantaged youth, lower skilled workers, people with disabilities, and people in rural communities. The attractiveness of vocational education and training is enhanced when combined with entrepreneurship training and when public policies encourage utilization of higher skills by business.
Youth employability
Globally, nearly 68 million young women and men are looking for and available for work, and an estimated 123 million young people are working but living in poverty. The number who are not in employment, education or training (NEET) stands at 267 million, a majority of whom are young women. Significantly, young people are three times as likely as adults (25 years and older) to be unemployed.
Skills development is a primary means of enabling young people to make a smooth transition to work. A comprehensive approach is required to integrate young women and men in the labour market, including relevant and quality skills training, labour market information, career guidance and employment services, recognition of prior learning, incorporating entrepreneurship with training and effective skills forecasting. Improved basic education and core work skills are particularly important to enable youth to engage in lifelong learning as well as transition to the labour market.
Research papers
Working papers, reports, and other publications from international organizations, academic institutions and bilateral agencies. Research findings to stimulate informed debate on skills, employment and productivity issues.
Informe de la encuesta 2020
La pandemia de la COVID-19 ha perturbado todos los aspectos de nuestras vidas. Incluso antes del inicio de la crisis, la integración social y económica de los jóvenes era un reto continuo. En la actualidad, a menos que se tomen medidas urgentes, es probable que los jóvenes sufran impactos graves y duraderos a causa de la pandemia.
Este estudio indica las conclusiones de la Encuesta mundial sobre los jóvenes y la pandemia de la COVID-19 llevada a cabo por los socios de la Iniciativa Mundial sobre Empleo Decente para los Jóvenes entre abril y mayo de 2020. Esto fue en un momento en el que la pandemia de la COVID-19 se había traducido rápidamente en una crisis económica. La Encuesta mundial tuvo por objeto reflejar los efectos inmediatos de la pandemia en las vidas de los jóvenes (de 18 a 29 años) en lo que respecta al empleo, la educación, el bienestar mental, los derechos y el activismo social. Se recibieron más de 12 000 repuestas de 112 países, y una gran parte provino de jóvenes instruidos y con acceso a Internet. La población de la encuesta es representativa de los estudiantes y de los trabajadores jóvenes que han alcanzado un nivel de educación superior, que juntos representan aproximadamente una cuarta parte de los jóvenes en los países de la muestra.
El estudio revela que el impacto de la pandemia en los jóvenes es sistemático, profundo y desproporcionado. Éste ha sido particularmente duro para las mujeres jóvenes, los jóvenes de menor edad y los jóvenes que viven en países de ingresos más bajos. Los jóvenes se preocupan por el futuro y por el lugar que tendrán en el mismo. Este estudio resume su historia.