Financing TVET in the East Asia and Pacific Region: current status, challenges and opportunities
English
International organizations
Information is gathered from other international organizations that promote skills development and the transition from education and training to work. The Interagency Group on Technical and Vocational Education and Training (IAG-TVET) was established in 2009 to share research findings, coordinate joint research endeavours, and improve collaboration among organizations working at the international and national levels.
Other sources
Experts from many international, regional and national agencies generously share their views, experiences and findings on skills, helping policy-makers among other stakeholders to understand the linkages between education, training and the world of work, and how to integrate skills into national development planning to promote employment and economic growth.
Financing of training
Initial education and training and lifelong learning benefit individuals, employers and society as a whole. Economic principles dictate that the costs for services with public and private benefits should be shared between public and private funding, or else too little training will be provided or taken up. Effective mechanisms for financing skills development vary according to countries’ economic and political circumstances and the degree and level of social dialogue established.
Research papers
Working papers, reports, and other publications from international organizations, academic institutions and bilateral agencies. Research findings to stimulate informed debate on skills, employment and productivity issues.
This brief has been produced under the Korea - World Bank Partnership Facility
The East Asia and Pacific (EAP) region is very diverse and there is a wide range in the extent to which firms across these countries identify the education level of their work force as being a major constraint. However, developing skills, including vocational and technical skills, and enhancing employability are clear strategic objectives in the EAP region. Countries in the region face strong pressures to expand their technical and vocational education and training (TVET) systems and enhance their quality, while also facing spending pressures on basic and higher education. As this demand increases, the need for sustainable financing for TVET becomes more urgent; this is not only about ensuring that sufficient and predictable revenue streams exist to fund training programs, but perhaps just as importantly about how financing mechanisms themselves can be strongly linked to achieving policy objectives of making TVET systems more accessible, equitable, efficient, demand-driven, responsive and relevant.
This brief aims to address the following key questions with regard to TVET financing in the EAP region:
• Where does TVET funding come from?
• How are TVET funds spent?
• How are TVET funds currently allocated?
• What role can TVET financing play in achieving TVET and national policy objectives?
• How can countries create the right environment for TVET financing?
TVET systems
Vocational training
Asia and the Pacific
