Observatorio de la OIT: La COVID‑19 y el mundo del trabajo. 7a edición
Spanish
ILO
The International Labour Organization is the tripartite U.N. agency that promotes Decent Work through employment, social security, labour standards and social dialogue. Its work on skills development is guided by the conceptual framework on Skills to improve productivity, employment growth, and development agreed in 2008 by representatives of Governments, Employers’ Associations and Workers’ Associations. Research, policy advice, and pilot projects and technical cooperation programmes to apply good practices in different circumstances across its 185 member States aims to boost the employability of workers, the productivity and competitiveness of enterprises, and the inclusiveness of economic growth. The ILO Secretariat in offices in 40 countries works with Ministries of Labour, employers’ organizations, and trade unions to integrate skills development into national and sector development strategies in order to better meet current labour market needs and to prepare for the jobs of the future; to expand access to employment-related training so that youth, persons with disabilities and other vulnerable groups are better able to acquire skills and secure productive and decent work; and to improve the ability of public employment services to provide career guidance, maintain labour exchange services, and deliver active labour market programmes.For more information regarding the ILO’s work on skills and employability go to: http://www.ilo.org/skills/lang--en/index.htm; for ILO/Cinterfor's Knowledge Management Plarform, see: http://www.oitcinterfor.org
Career guidance and employment services
Career guidance and counselling, career education and lifelong development of skills for employability are key for success in learning activities, effective career transitions, livelihood planning, entrepreneurship and in increasing labour market participation. They are instrumental in promoting skills utilization, recognition (RPL), as well as in improving enterprise human resource management.
Career development activities encompass a wide variety of support activities including career information and advice, counselling, work exposure (e.g. job shadowing, work experience periods), assessment, coaching, mentoring, professional networking, advocacy, basic and employability skills training (curricular and non-curricular) and entrepreneurship training. It is often an area which is fragmented across different ministries (e.g. education, TVET, employment, youth) requiring an effort to achieve the necessary coordination to provide adequate support to individuals during learning, employment and unemployment/inactivity periods.
Research papers
Working papers, reports, and other publications from international organizations, academic institutions and bilateral agencies. Research findings to stimulate informed debate on skills, employment and productivity issues.
En el informe se destaca asimismo una repercusión desigual por sector económico, zona geográfica y mercado de trabajo. Por otro lado, se pone de manifiesto la inquietud de que se produzca una 'recuperación en forma de K', es decir, de que los sectores y los trabajadores más afectados se queden atrás durante el proceso de recuperación, lo que daría lugar a una desigualdad cada vez mayor, a menos que se adopten medidas correctivas.
El sector más afectado ha sido el de la hotelería y la restauración, en el que la tasa de ocupación se redujo en más del 20%, en promedio, seguido de los sectores del comercio minorista y las actividades de producción industrial. Por otro lado, la tasa de ocupación en el sector de la información y la comunicación, así como en el de las finanzas y los seguros, aumentó en el segundo y tercer trimestre de 2020. También se registró un aumento marginal en los sectores de la minería y la extracción de minerales, así como en los servicios públicos.