This report presents the case studies of the People’s Republic of China, India, Indonesia and Kazakhstan in their knowledge-based economy approaches. It identifies a range of policies and initiatives that these economies need to consider to strengthen innovation-led growth and make a transition from middle-income to high-income levels.

This report argues that it is absolutely essential for emerging economies in Asia to transition into Knowledge-Based Economies (KBE) to sustain their economic development, while preparing effectively for the future challenges of an increasingly connected global economy. In fact, pursuing KBE development could help emerging economies effectively position themselves better to capitalize on market opportunities by using their unique endowments and strengths. The times are opportune for Asia to accelerate knowledge based economy development.