Today an increasing number of citizens interact, work and trade using digital technologies. Today’s learners expect more personalisation and collaboration, and better links between formal and informal learning. Policymakers, experts and practitioners increasingly agree on the need for a major rethink of education and training systems in order to improve the responsiveness of VET systems to labour market and individual needs.

This case study aims to identify relevant policies and practices for digital and online learning (DOL) in vocational education and training (VET) in Serbia, with a focus on initial VET (IVET). The study was commissioned by the ETF with the following specific objectives: (i) gather information and analyse DOL provision in VET; and (ii) provide a set of recommendations.